Hu Yinin, Edwards Brandy L, Hu Kevin, Brooks Kendall D, Slingluff Craig L
Department of Surgery, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA.
Department of Surgery, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA.
Surgery. 2017 Jun;161(6):1482-1488. doi: 10.1016/j.surg.2016.12.004. Epub 2017 Feb 1.
Funding toward surgical research through the National Institutes of Health has decreased relative to other medical specialties. This study was initiated to characterize features of academically successful surgeon-scientists and departments of surgery. We hypothesized that there may be decreases in young investigators obtaining independent National Institutes of Health awards and that successful academic departments of surgery may be depending increasingly on PhD faculty.
The National Institutes of Health RePORTER database was queried for grants awarded to departments of surgery during fiscal years 2003 and 2013. Grant summaries were categorized by research methodology. Training of the principal investigator and academic position were determined through the RePORTER database and publicly available academic biographies. Institutions were ranked by number of grants funded.
Between 2003 and 2013, total surgery grants awarded decreased by 19%. The number of National Institutes of Health-funded, clinically active surgeons (MDs) decreased 11%, while funded PhDs increased 9%; however, clinically active junior faculty have comprised an increasing proportion of funded MDs (from 20-38%). Shifts in research topics include an increasing proportion of investigators engaged in outcomes research. Among institutions ranking in the top 20 for surgical research in both 2003 and 2013 (N = 15), the ratio of MDs to PhDs was 2:1 in both fiscal years. Among institutions falling out of the top 20, this ratio was less than 1:1.
There has been an expansion of outcomes-based surgical research. The most consistently successful institutions are those that actively cultivate MD researchers. Encouragingly, the number of young, independently funded surgeon-scientists in America appears to be increasing.
与其他医学专业相比，美国国立卫生研究院（National Institutes of Health，NIH）对外科研究的资助有所减少。本研究旨在描述学术成就突出的外科医生 - 科学家以及外科系的特征。我们推测，获得NIH独立资助的年轻研究人员数量可能会减少，并且成功的外科学术系可能越来越依赖博士教员。
查询NIH研究项目在线报告数据库（National Institutes of Health RePORTER database），获取2003财年和2013财年授予外科系的资助。资助摘要按研究方法分类。通过该数据库和公开的学术传记确定主要研究者的培训情况和学术职位。机构按获得资助的数量排名。
2003年至2013年期间，授予的外科资助总额下降了19%。获得NIH资助且临床活跃的外科医生（医学博士）数量减少了11%，而获得资助的博士增加了9%；然而，临床活跃的初级教员在获得资助的医学博士中所占比例不断增加（从20%增至38%）。研究主题的转变包括从事结果研究的研究者比例增加。在2003年和2013年外科研究排名前20的机构中（N = 15），两个财年的医学博士与博士比例均为2:1。在跌出前20名的机构中，这一比例小于1:1。
基于结果的外科研究有所扩展。最持续成功的机构是那些积极培养医学博士研究人员的机构。令人鼓舞的是，美国年轻的、获得独立资助的外科医生 - 科学家数量似乎在增加。
