McKercher Grant R, Salmond Jennifer A, Vanos Jennifer K
Texas Tech University, Department of Geosciences, 3003 15th Street, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA.
University of Auckland, School of Environment, 10 Symonds St., Auckland 1010, NZ.
Environ Pollut. 2017 Apr;223:102-110. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.12.045. Epub 2017 Feb 3.
Traditional approaches for measuring air quality based on fixed measurements are inadequate for personal exposure monitoring. To combat this issue, the use of small, portable gas-sensing air pollution monitoring technologies is increasing, with researchers and individuals employing portable and mobile methods to obtain more spatially and temporally representative air pollution data. However, many commercially available options are built for various applications and based on different technologies, assumptions, and limitations. A review of the monitor characteristics of small, gaseous monitors is missing from current scientific literature.
A state-of-the-art review of small, portable monitors that measure ambient gaseous outdoor pollutants was developed to address broad trends during the last 5-10 years, and to help future experimenters interested in studying gaseous air pollutants choose monitors appropriate for their application and sampling needs.
Trends in small, portable gaseous air pollution monitor uses and technologies were first identified and discussed in a review of literature. Next, searches of online databases were performed for articles containing specific information related to performance, characteristics, and use of such monitors that measure one or more of three criteria gaseous air pollutants: ozone, nitrogen dioxide, and carbon monoxide. All data were summarized into reference tables for comparison between applications, physical features, sensing capabilities, and costs of the devices.
Recent portable monitoring trends are strongly related to associated applications and audiences. Fundamental research requires monitors with the best individual performance, and thus the highest cost technology. Monitor networking favors real-time capabilities and moderate cost for greater reproduction. Citizen science and crowdsourcing applications allow for lower-cost components; however important strengths and limitations for each application must be addressed or acknowledged for the given use.
基于固定测量的传统空气质量测量方法不足以用于个人暴露监测。为解决这一问题,小型便携式气体传感空气污染监测技术的使用正在增加,研究人员和个人采用便携式和移动方法来获取更具空间和时间代表性的空气污染数据。然而,许多商业上可用的选项是为各种应用而构建的,基于不同的技术、假设和限制。当前科学文献中缺少对小型气体监测器的监测特性的综述。
对测量环境气态室外污染物的小型便携式监测器进行了最新综述,以阐述过去5至10年的广泛趋势,并帮助未来对研究气态空气污染物感兴趣的实验人员选择适合其应用和采样需求的监测器。
首先在文献综述中确定并讨论小型便携式气态空气污染监测器的使用和技术趋势。接下来,在在线数据库中搜索包含与测量三种标准气态空气污染物(臭氧、二氧化氮和一氧化碳)中的一种或多种的此类监测器的性能、特性和使用相关的特定信息的文章。所有数据都汇总到参考表中,以便比较设备的应用、物理特性、传感能力和成本。
近期的便携式监测趋势与相关应用和受众密切相关。基础研究需要具有最佳个体性能的监测器,因此需要成本最高的技术。监测器联网有利于实时功能和适中的成本以实现更大的再现性。公民科学和众包应用允许使用成本较低的组件;然而,对于给定的用途,必须解决或承认每种应用的重要优势和局限性。