Van Goor Angelica, Ashwell Chris M, Persia Michael E, Rothschild Max F, Schmidt Carl J, Lamont Susan J
Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States of America.
Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2017 Feb 6;12(2):e0171414. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171414. eCollection 2017.
Climate change and disease have large negative impacts on poultry production, but little is known about the interactions of responses to these stressors in chickens. Fayoumi (heat and disease resistant) and broiler (heat and disease susceptible) chicken lines were stimulated at 22 days of age, using a 2x2x2 factorial design including: breed (Fayoumi or broiler), inflammatory stimulus (lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or saline), and temperature (35°C or 25°C). Transcriptional changes in spleens were analyzed using RNA-sequencing on the Illumina HiSeq 2500. Thirty-two individual cDNA libraries were sequenced (four per treatment) and an average of 22 million reads were generated per library. Stimulation with LPS induced more differentially expressed genes (DEG, log2 fold change ≥ 2 and FDR ≤ 0.05) in the broiler (N = 283) than the Fayoumi (N = 85), whereas heat treatment resulted in fewer DEG in broiler (N = 22) compared to Fayoumi (N = 107). The double stimulus of LPS+heat induced the largest numbers of changes in gene expression, for which broiler had 567 DEG and Fayoumi had 1471 DEG of which 399 were shared between breeds. Further analysis of DEG revealed pathways impacted by these stressors such as Remodelling of Epithelial Adherens Junctions due to heat stress, Granulocyte Adhesion and Diapedesis due to LPS, and Hepatic Fibrosis/Hepatic Stellate Cell Activation due to LPS+heat. The genes and pathways identified provide deeper understanding of the response to the applied stressors and may serve as biomarkers for genetic selection for heat and disease tolerant chickens.
气候变化和疾病对家禽生产有很大的负面影响，但对于鸡对这些应激源的反应之间的相互作用却知之甚少。使用2×2×2析因设计，在22日龄时对法尤米鸡（耐热且抗病）和肉鸡（不耐热且易感病）品系进行刺激，该设计包括：品种（法尤米或肉鸡）、炎症刺激（脂多糖（LPS）或生理盐水）和温度（35°C或25°C）。使用Illumina HiSeq 2500通过RNA测序分析脾脏中的转录变化。对32个个体cDNA文库进行了测序（每种处理4个），每个文库平均产生2200万条读数。与法尤米鸡（N = 85）相比，用LPS刺激在肉鸡（N = 283）中诱导出更多的差异表达基因（DEG，log2倍数变化≥2且FDR≤0.05），而热处理导致肉鸡（N = 22）中的DEG比法尤米鸡（N = 107）少。LPS+热的双重刺激诱导了最大数量的基因表达变化，其中肉鸡有567个DEG，法尤米鸡有1471个DEG，其中399个在两个品种之间共享。对DEG的进一步分析揭示了受这些应激源影响的途径，例如热应激导致的上皮黏附连接重塑、LPS导致的粒细胞黏附和渗出，以及LPS+热导致的肝纤维化/肝星状细胞活化。所鉴定的基因和途径为理解对施加的应激源的反应提供了更深入的认识，并可能作为耐热和抗病鸡遗传选择的生物标志物。
