儿童语言和父母管教在家庭收入与错误信念理解之间的关系中起中介作用。
Child language and parent discipline mediate the relation between family income and false belief understanding.
作者信息
Tompkins Virginia, Logan Jessica A R, Blosser Daniel F, Duffy Kaylin
机构信息
Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University at Lima, Lima, OH 45804, USA.
Crane Center for Early Childhood Research and Policy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43201, USA.
出版信息
J Exp Child Psychol. 2017 Jun;158:1-18. doi: 10.1016/j.jecp.2017.01.001. Epub 2017 Feb 4.
Achieving false belief understanding is an important cognitive milestone that allows children to understand that thoughts and reality can differ. Researchers have found that low-income children score significantly lower than middle-income children on false belief understanding but have not examined why this difference exists. We hypothesized that children's language and parent discipline mediate the income-false belief relation. Participants were 174 3- to 6-year-olds. False belief understanding was significantly correlated with family income, children's vocabulary, parents' self-reported discussion of children's behavior, discussion of emotions, and power assertion. Family income had a significant indirect effect on false belief understanding through children's vocabulary and parent discipline when examined independently, but only through children's vocabulary when using parallel multiple mediation. This study contributes to our knowledge of individual differences in false belief understanding.
获得对错误信念的理解是一个重要的认知里程碑，它使儿童能够理解思想和现实可能存在差异。研究人员发现，低收入家庭的儿童在错误信念理解方面的得分显著低于中等收入家庭的儿童，但尚未研究这种差异存在的原因。我们假设儿童的语言能力和父母的管教方式在收入与错误信念之间起中介作用。研究对象为174名3至6岁的儿童。错误信念理解与家庭收入、儿童词汇量、父母自我报告的关于儿童行为的讨论、情绪讨论以及权力主张显著相关。单独考察时，家庭收入通过儿童词汇量和父母管教方式对错误信念理解有显著的间接影响，但在使用并行多重中介分析时，仅通过儿童词汇量产生影响。这项研究有助于我们了解错误信念理解方面的个体差异。
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