Lelli Diana, Pedone Claudio, Sahebkar Amirhosssein
Unit of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, via Álvaro del Portillo 21, 00128 Rome, Italy.
Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Biomed Pharmacother. 2017 Apr;88:832-834. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.01.078. Epub 2017 Feb 24.
Melanoma is the most aggressive type of skin cancer and is characterized by poor prognosis in its advanced stages because treatments are poorly effective and burdened with severe adverse effects. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that are implicated in several cellular processes; they are categorized as oncogenic and tumor suppressor miRNAs. Several miRNAs are implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of melanoma, such as the tumor suppressor miR-let7b that targets cyclin D and regulates cell cycle. Curcumin is a natural compound derived from Curcuma longa L. (turmeric) with anti-cancer properties, documented also in melanoma, and is well tolerated in humans. Pharmacological activity of curcumin is mediated by modulation of several pathways, such as JAK-2/STAT3, thus inhibiting melanoma cell migration and invasion and enhancing apoptosis of these cells. The low oral bioavailability of curcumin has led to the development of curcumin analogues, such as EF24, with greater anti-tumor efficacy and metabolic stability. Potential anti-cancer activity of curcumin and its analogues is also mediated by modulation of miRNAs such as miR21, that is implicated in cell cycle regulation and apoptosis through down-regulation of PTEN and PDCD4 proteins. Curcumin has a potential role in the treatment of melanoma, though further studies are necessary to explore its clinical efficacy.
黑色素瘤是最具侵袭性的皮肤癌类型，其晚期预后较差，原因是治疗效果不佳且伴有严重的不良反应。微小RNA（miRNA）是一类参与多种细胞过程的小非编码RNA；它们可分为致癌miRNA和肿瘤抑制miRNA。几种miRNA与黑色素瘤的发病机制和进展有关，例如靶向细胞周期蛋白D并调节细胞周期的肿瘤抑制性miR-let7b。姜黄素是一种从姜黄中提取的天然化合物，具有抗癌特性，在黑色素瘤中也有记载，且在人体中耐受性良好。姜黄素的药理活性是通过调节多种信号通路介导的，如JAK-2/STAT3，从而抑制黑色素瘤细胞的迁移和侵袭，并增强这些细胞的凋亡。姜黄素口服生物利用度低，促使人们开发了姜黄素类似物，如EF24，其具有更高的抗肿瘤疗效和代谢稳定性。姜黄素及其类似物的潜在抗癌活性还通过调节miRNA介导，如miR21，它通过下调PTEN和PDCD4蛋白参与细胞周期调控和凋亡。姜黄素在黑色素瘤治疗中具有潜在作用，不过仍需进一步研究以探索其临床疗效。
