Taxonomic revision and molecular phylogenetics of the species-group (Hymenoptera, Agaonidae, Sycophaginae).

Sycophaginae is a group of non-pollinating fig wasps considered closely related to the fig pollinators (Agaoninae, Tetrapusiinae, and Kradibiinae) in the most recent phylogenetic analyses. They occur in all tropical regions and are associated with subgenera and . There are six described genera of Sycophaginae, and two are native and confined to the Neotropics, namely Walker, 1843 and Bouček, 1993. Genus is divided into three morphologically distinct groups that were proven to be monophyletic by recent molecular phylogenetic analyses. In this paper we reviewed the species-group and provide detailed morphological descriptions and illustrations for the species belonging to this group. Three previously described species were redescribed: (Mayr, 1906) , Bouček, 1993, and (Ashmead, 1900). Seventeen new species are described by Farache and Rasplus: , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , and We provided keys for the identification of the species as well as for recognising the different species-groups of and a closely related genus ( Westwood, 1840). Additionally, phylogenetic relationships among 13 species of the species-group were inferred using four molecular markers and discussed in the light of taxonomy and host specificity.