Cruaud Astrid, Jabbour-Zahab Roula, Genson Gwenaëlle, Cruaud Corinne, Couloux Arnaud, Kjellberg Finn, Van Noort Simon, Rasplus Jean-Yves
INRA-UMR Centre de Biologie et de Gestion des Populations, CBGP, (INRA/IRD/CIRAD/Montpellier SupAgro), Campus International de Baillarguet, CS 30016, 34988 Montferrier-sur Lez, France.
Génoscope, Centre National de Séquencage, 2, rue Gaston Crémieux, F-91057 Evry, France.
Cladistics. 2010 Aug;26(4):359-387. doi: 10.1111/j.1096-0031.2009.00291.x. Epub 2009 Nov 2.
A phylogeny of the Agaonidae (Chalcidoidea) in their restricted sense, pollinators of Ficus species (Moraceae), is estimated using 4182 nucleotides from six genes, obtained from 101 species representing 19 of the 20 recognized genera, and four outgroups. Data analysed by parsimony and Bayesian inference methods demonstrate that Agaonidae are monophyletic and that the previous classification is not supported. Agaonidae are partitioned into four groups: (i) Tetrapus, (ii) Ceratosolen + Kradibia, (iii) some Blastophaga + Wiebesia species, and (iv) all genera associated with monoecious figs and a few Blastophaga and Wiebesia. The latter group is subdivided into subgroups: (i) Pleistodontes, (ii) Blastophaga psenes and neocaledonian Dolichoris, (iii) some Blastophaga and Wiebesia species, and (iv) Platyscapa, all afrotropical genera and all genera associated with section Conosycea. Eleven genera were recovered as monophyletic, six were para- or polyphyletic, and two cannot be tested with our data set. Based on our phylogeny we propose a new classification for the Agaonidae. Two new subfamilies are proposed: Tetrapusiinae for the genus Tetrapus, and Kradibiinae for Ceratosolen + Kradibia. Liporrhopalum is synonymized with Kradibia and the subgenus Valisia of Blastophaga is elevated to generic rank. These changes resulted in 36 new combinations. Finally, we discuss the hypothesis of co-speciation between the pollinators and their host species by comparing the two phylogenies. © The Willi Hennig Society 2009.
对榕小蜂科（广肩小蜂总科）狭义范围内的系统发育进行了估计，榕小蜂是桑科榕属植物的传粉者，研究使用了来自六个基因的4182个核苷酸，这些基因取自代表20个公认属中19个属的101个物种以及四个外类群。通过简约法和贝叶斯推断法分析的数据表明，榕小蜂科是单系的，先前的分类不成立。榕小蜂科分为四组：（i）四室榕小蜂属，（ii）角头榕小蜂属+克拉迪榕小蜂属，（iii）一些无花果榕小蜂属+韦氏榕小蜂属物种，以及（iv）所有与雌雄同株无花果相关的属和少数无花果榕小蜂属及韦氏榕小蜂属。后一组又细分为几个亚组：（i）长齿榕小蜂属，（ii）无花果榕小蜂和新喀里多尼亚多利肖榕小蜂，（iii）一些无花果榕小蜂属和韦氏榕小蜂属物种，以及（iv）扁头榕小蜂属，所有这些都是非洲热带属以及与圆锥榕组相关的所有属。有11个属被认定为单系，6个属是并系或多系的，还有2个属无法用我们的数据集进行检验。基于我们的系统发育研究，我们提出了榕小蜂科的新分类。提出了两个新亚科：四室榕小蜂亚科用于四室榕小蜂属，克拉迪榕小蜂亚科用于角头榕小蜂属+克拉迪榕小蜂属。唇突榕小蜂属与克拉迪榕小蜂属同义，无花果榕小蜂属的瓦利西亚亚属提升为属级地位。这些变化产生了36个新组合。最后，我们通过比较两个系统发育关系来讨论传粉者与其寄主物种之间共同物种形成的假说。©威利·亨尼希协会2009年。
