Najafi Ghezeljeh T, Mohades Ardebili F, Rafii F
Department of Critical Care Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Burns. 2017 Aug;43(5):1034-1043. doi: 10.1016/j.burns.2017.01.011. Epub 2017 Feb 4.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of massage and music on pain intensity, anxiety intensity and relaxation level in burn patients.
Pain and anxiety are common among burn patients, but there are many physical and psychological consequences.
This randomized controlled clinical trial with factorial design 2×2 included 240 burn patients admitted at Shahid Motahari Burns Hospital, Tehran, Iran, between September 2013 and May 2015. The patients were allocated into the following groups: (i) control (n=60) receiving the conventional primary care, (ii) music group (n=60) receiving their favorite songs, (iii) massage group (n=60) receiving Swedish massage, and (iv) music-plus-massage group (n=60) receiving a combination of their favorite songs and Swedish massage, for 20min once a day for 3 consecutive days, using random permuted blocks of sizes 4 with a 1:1 ratio. To collect the data before and after the intervention, a specific Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was applied for pain intensity, anxiety intensity, and relaxation level. The data were analyzed using SPSS, version 21.
Our findings showed a decrease in pain and anxiety intensity and an increase in relaxation level in all three intervention groups as compared to the control group, indicating there was no significant difference among the interventions applied. Furthermore, following application of each intervention, pain and anxiety intensity decreased and relaxation level increased in the intervention groups as compared to before intervention.
Our results revealed that music, massage and a combination of both interventions were effective on reducing pain and anxiety intensity and increasing relaxation level. Due to easy, low-cost and availability of the interventions applied, these complementary therapies are suggested for the burn patients. Although application of a single complementary therapy is cost-effective, further studies are required to determine the most effective and cost-effective method to improve the burn care.
本研究旨在评估按摩和音乐对烧伤患者疼痛强度、焦虑强度及放松程度的影响。
疼痛和焦虑在烧伤患者中很常见，但其会带来诸多生理和心理后果。
本采用2×2析因设计的随机对照临床试验，纳入了2013年9月至2015年5月期间在伊朗德黑兰沙希德·莫塔哈里烧伤医院收治的240例烧伤患者。患者被分为以下几组：（i）对照组（n = 60），接受常规初级护理；（ii）音乐组（n = 60），收听他们喜欢的歌曲；（iii）按摩组（n = 60），接受瑞典式按摩；（iv）音乐加按摩组（n = 60），接受他们喜欢的歌曲与瑞典式按摩相结合的干预，每天一次，每次20分钟，连续3天，采用大小为4的随机排列区组，比例为1:1。为收集干预前后的数据，采用特定的视觉模拟量表（VAS）评估疼痛强度、焦虑强度和放松程度。数据使用SPSS 21版进行分析。
我们的研究结果显示，与对照组相比，所有三个干预组的疼痛和焦虑强度均降低，放松程度增加，表明所应用的干预措施之间无显著差异。此外，与干预前相比，各干预组在应用每种干预措施后，疼痛和焦虑强度降低，放松程度增加。
我们的结果表明，音乐、按摩以及两种干预措施的组合均能有效降低疼痛和焦虑强度，并提高放松程度。由于所应用的干预措施简便、低成本且易于获得，建议将这些辅助疗法用于烧伤患者。虽然应用单一辅助疗法具有成本效益，但仍需要进一步研究以确定改善烧伤护理的最有效和最具成本效益的方法。
