Department of Chemical Engineering &Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Canada.
Division of Respirology and Multi-Organ Transplantation Programme, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Canada.
Sci Rep. 2017 Feb 7;7:42317. doi: 10.1038/srep42317.
Epidemiological studies have shown that air pollution is associated with the morbidity and mortality from cardiopulmonary diseases. Currently, limited experimental models are available to evaluate the physiological and cellular pathways activated by chronic multi-pollutant exposures. This manuscript describes an atmospheric simulation reactor (ASR) that was developed to investigate the health effects of air pollutants by permitting controlled chronic in vivo exposure of mice to combined particulate and gaseous pollutants. BALB/c mice were exposed for 1 hr/day for 3 consecutive days to secondary organic aerosol (SOA, a common particulate air pollutant) at 10-150 μg/m, SOA (30 μg/m) + ozone (65 ppb) or SOA + ozone (65 ppb) + nitrogen dioxide (NO; 100 ppb). Daily exposure to SOA alone led to increased airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) to methacholine with increasing SOA concentrations. Multi-pollutant exposure with ozone and/or NO in conjunction with a sub-toxic concentration of SOA resulted in additive effects on AHR to methacholine. Inflammatory cell recruitment to the airways was not observed in any of the exposure conditions. The ASR developed in this study allows us to evaluate the chronic health effects of relevant multi-pollutant exposures at 'real-life' levels under controlled conditions and permits repeated-exposure studies.
流行病学研究表明，空气污染与心肺疾病的发病率和死亡率有关。目前，可用的实验模型有限，无法评估慢性多污染物暴露激活的生理和细胞途径。本文描述了一种大气模拟反应器（ASR），该反应器可通过允许小鼠在受控的慢性体内暴露于组合的颗粒和气体污染物下，来研究空气污染物的健康影响。BALB/c 小鼠连续 3 天每天暴露 1 小时，暴露于二次有机气溶胶（SOA，一种常见的颗粒状空气污染物）浓度为 10-150μg/m3、30μg/m3 的 SOA+臭氧（65ppb）或 SOA+臭氧（65ppb）+二氧化氮（NO；100ppb）。单独每日暴露于 SOA 会导致气道高反应性（AHR）对乙酰甲胆碱的增加，并且随着 SOA 浓度的增加而增加。与亚毒性浓度的 SOA 一起暴露于臭氧和/或 NO 的多污染物会导致对乙酰甲胆碱的 AHR 产生附加作用。在任何暴露条件下，均未观察到气道中炎性细胞募集。本研究中开发的 ASR 允许我们在受控条件下评估“现实生活”水平下相关多污染物暴露的慢性健康影响，并允许进行重复暴露研究。
