Turner Rose, Felisberti Fatima M
Emotion, Cognition and Behavior laboratory (ECOBEL), Department of Psychology, Kingston University London, UK.
Front Psychol. 2017 Jan 24;8:47. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00047. eCollection 2017.
refers to the ability to attribute mental states, including thoughts, intentions and emotions, to oneself and others, and is essential for navigating the social world. Empirical mindreading research has predominantly featured children, groups with autism spectrum disorder and clinical samples, and many standard tasks suffer ceiling effects with neurologically typical (NT) adults. We first outline a case for studying mindreading in NT adults and proceed to review tests of emotion perception, cognitive and affective mentalizing, and multidimensional tasks combining these facets. We focus on selected examples of core experimental paradigms including emotion recognition tests, social vignettes, narrative fiction (prose and film) and participative interaction (in real and virtual worlds), highlighting challenges for studies with NT adult cohorts. We conclude that naturalistic, multidimensional approaches may be productively applied alongside traditional tasks to facilitate a more nuanced picture of mindreading in adulthood, and to ensure construct validity whilst remaining sensitive to variation at the upper echelons of the ability.
心智解读是指将包括思想、意图和情感在内的心理状态归因于自己和他人的能力，它是在社会环境中生存的关键。实证性心智解读研究主要围绕儿童、自闭症谱系障碍群体和临床样本展开，许多标准任务在神经典型（NT）成年人中存在天花板效应。我们首先阐述研究NT成年人心智解读的理由，接着回顾情感感知测试、认知和情感心智化测试以及结合这些方面的多维任务。我们重点关注核心实验范式的选定示例，包括情感识别测试、社会小品、叙事小说（散文和电影）以及参与性互动（在现实和虚拟世界中），强调NT成年人群体研究面临的挑战。我们得出结论，自然主义的多维方法可以与传统任务一起有效地应用，以更细致地描绘成年期的心智解读情况，并确保结构效度，同时对该能力高端的个体差异保持敏感。
