Liu Xin, Xu Guochun, Wang Qiangsheng, Hang Yuhao
Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Production Management, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2017 Jan 24;8:47. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00047. eCollection 2017.
Insect-proof net cultivation (IPN), rice-duck farming (RD), and organic matter return (OM) are important methods to realize sustainable development of rice production. A split-plot field experiment was performed to study the effects of IPN, RD, and OM on the rice yield, dry matter accumulation and N utilization. Results showed that compared to inorganic N fertilizer (IN), wheat straw return, and biogas residue return increased the rice yield by 2.11-4.28 and 4.78-7.67%, respectively, and also improved dry matter and N accumulation after the elongation stage (EG), dry matter and N translocation, and N recovery efficiency (NRE). These results attributed to an increase in leaf SPAD values and net photosynthetic rate ( after the EG. Compared to conventional rice farming (CR), RD promoted the rice yield by 1.52-3.74%, and contributed to higher the leaf photosynthesis, dry matter and N accumulation, dry matter and N translocation, and NRE. IPN decreased the intensity of sun radiation in the nets due to the coverage of the insect-proof nets, which declined the leaf , dry matter accumulation and translocation, N absorption and translocation, and NRE compared to open field cultivation (OFC). The rice yield of IPN were 2.48-4.98% lower than that of OFC. Compared to the interaction between CR and IN, the interaction between RD and OM improved the rice yield by 5.26-9.33%, and increased dry matter and N accumulation after the EG, dry matter and N translocation, and NRE. These results indicated that OM, RD and the interaction between RD and OM could promote dry matter accumulation and N utilization, which was beneficial to improve the rice yield.
防虫网栽培（IPN）、稻鸭共作（RD）和有机物还田（OM）是实现水稻生产可持续发展的重要方法。进行了一项裂区田间试验，以研究IPN、RD和OM对水稻产量、干物质积累和氮素利用的影响。结果表明，与无机氮肥（IN）相比，小麦秸秆还田和沼渣还田分别使水稻产量提高了2.11 - 4.28%和4.78 - 7.67%，还提高了拔节期（EG）后干物质和氮素的积累、干物质和氮素的转运以及氮素回收效率（NRE）。这些结果归因于拔节期后叶片SPAD值和净光合速率的增加。与传统水稻种植（CR）相比，稻鸭共作使水稻产量提高了1.52 - 3.74%，并有助于提高叶片光合作用、干物质和氮素积累、干物质和氮素转运以及氮素回收效率。由于防虫网的覆盖，防虫网栽培降低了网内的太阳辐射强度，与露地栽培（OFC）相比，其叶片、干物质积累和转运、氮素吸收和转运以及氮素回收效率均有所下降。防虫网栽培的水稻产量比露地栽培低2.48 - 4.98%。与CR和IN的相互作用相比，RD和OM的相互作用使水稻产量提高了5.26 - 9.33%，并增加了拔节期后干物质和氮素的积累、干物质和氮素的转运以及氮素回收效率。这些结果表明，OM、RD以及RD和OM的相互作用可以促进干物质积累和氮素利用，有利于提高水稻产量。
