Zhang Jianwen, Zhang Songchao, Li Jiqiang, Cai Chen, Gu Wei, Cheng Xiaohui, Wang Haohan, Xue Xinyu
Nanjing Institute of Agricultural Mechanization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210014, China.
Zhangye Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhangye 734000, China.
Plants (Basel). 2022 Jun 24;11(13):1677. doi: 10.3390/plants11131677.
Pollination success is essential for hybrid oilseed rape (OSR, ) seed production, and the pollination method has some influences on the OSR plant growth traits. In order to explore the roles of different pollination methods, four pollination methods of "unmanned agricultural aerial system" (UAAS), "natural wind + UAAS" (NW+UAAS), "honeybee" (HB), and "no pollinators" (NP) were set in a hybrid OSR field to investigate their effects on OSR plant traits and rapeseed yields in this study. The control check (CK) area with natural wind (NW) pollination was set as a reference for comparison. The experiments were conducted continuously for 20 days during the OSR plant early to full-bloom stage. The results based on the evaluated OSR plants showed that the growth traits and the rapeseed yields exhibited some differences under different pollination methods. The average plant height under NP pollination was maximum, which was 231.52 cm, while the average plant heights under the other pollination methods exhibited nearly no difference. Except for the HB pollination, the average first-branch heights of the evaluated plants all exceeded 100 cm under the other pollination methods. The average once branch quantity of all the evaluated plants under different pollination methods was 5-7. The average number of effective siliques per plant varied greatly. The average quantity of effective siliques in each OSR plant was about 160 under UAAS, NW+UAAS, and NW pollination, about 100 under HB pollination, and only 2.12 under NP pollination. The thousand-rapeseed weight was 7.32 g under HB pollination, which was the highest of all of the pollination areas. In terms of rapeseed yield, the average rapeseed yields per plant were all more than 10 g, except for the one under NP pollination; the yield per hectare was highest under NW+UAAS pollination, reaching 4741.28 kg, and the yield under NP pollination was lowest, which was only 360.39 kg. The research results provide technical support for supplementary pollination in hybrid OSR seed production.
授粉成功对于杂交油菜种子生产至关重要，且授粉方式对杂交油菜植株生长性状有一定影响。为探究不同授粉方式的作用，本研究在杂交油菜田中设置了“无人农业航空系统”（UAAS）、“自然风 + UAAS”（NW + UAAS）、“蜜蜂”（HB）和“无传粉者”（NP）四种授粉方式，以研究它们对杂交油菜植株性状和油菜籽产量的影响。将自然风授粉的对照区（CK）设为参考进行比较。在油菜植株初花期至盛花期连续进行20天的试验。基于对杂交油菜植株的评估结果表明，不同授粉方式下植株生长性状和油菜籽产量存在一些差异。NP授粉下植株平均株高最高，为231.52厘米，而其他授粉方式下平均株高几乎无差异。除HB授粉外，其他授粉方式下评估植株的平均第一分枝高度均超过100厘米。不同授粉方式下所有评估植株的平均一次分枝数为5 - 7个。单株有效角果数平均差异较大。UAAS、NW + UAAS和NW授粉下，每株杂交油菜的有效角果数平均约为160个，HB授粉下约为100个，NP授粉下仅为2.12个。HB授粉下的千粒重为7.32克，是所有授粉区域中最高的。在油菜籽产量方面，除NP授粉外，其他单株油菜籽平均产量均超过10克；NW + UAAS授粉下公顷产量最高，达4741.28千克，NP授粉下产量最低，仅为360.39千克。研究结果为杂交油菜种子生产中的辅助授粉提供了技术支持。
