Brunekreef B, Dockery D W, Speizer F E, Ware J H, Spengler J D, Ferris B G
Department of Environmental Science and Physiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115.
Am Rev Respir Dis. 1989 Nov;140(5):1363-7. doi: 10.1164/ajrccm/140.5.1363.
This study examined the relationship between measures of home dampness and respiratory illness and symptoms in a cohort of 4,625 eight- to 12-yr-old children living in six U.S. cities. Home dampness was characterized from questionnaire reports of mold or mildew inside the home, water damage to the home, and the occurrence of water on the basement floor. Symptoms of respiratory and other illness were collected by questionnaire. Pulmonary function was measured by spirometry. Signs of home dampness were reported in a large proportion of the homes. In five of the six cities, one or more of the dampness indicators were reported in more than 50% of the homes. The association between measures of home dampness and both respiratory symptoms and other non-chest illness was both strong and consistent. Odds ratios for molds varied from 1.27 to 2.12, and for dampness from 1.23 to 2.16 after adjustment for maternal smoking, age, gender, city of residence, and parental education. The relationship between home dampness and pulmonary function was weak, with an estimated mean reduction of 1.0% in FEF25-75 associated with dampness and 1.6% with molds. We conclude that dampness in the home is common in many areas of the United States and that home dampness is a strong predictor of symptoms of respiratory and other illness symptoms among 8- to 12-yr-old children.
本研究调查了美国六个城市中4625名8至12岁儿童的家庭潮湿程度测量值与呼吸道疾病及症状之间的关系。家庭潮湿程度通过关于家中霉菌或霉变、房屋水损以及地下室地面是否有水的问卷报告来确定。呼吸道及其他疾病的症状通过问卷收集。肺功能通过肺活量测定法测量。很大一部分家庭报告了家庭潮湿的迹象。在六个城市中的五个城市，超过50%的家庭报告了一种或多种潮湿指标。家庭潮湿程度测量值与呼吸道症状及其他非胸部疾病之间的关联既强烈又一致。在对母亲吸烟、年龄、性别、居住城市和父母教育程度进行调整后，霉菌的优势比在1.27至2.12之间，潮湿的优势比在1.23至2.16之间。家庭潮湿程度与肺功能之间的关系较弱，估计FEF25 - 75平均降低1.0%与潮湿有关，降低1.6%与霉菌有关。我们得出结论，家庭潮湿在美国许多地区很常见，并且家庭潮湿是8至12岁儿童呼吸道症状及其他疾病症状的有力预测指标。
