Treat Teresa A, Hinkel Hannah, Smith Jodi R, Viken Richard J
University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA.
Indiana University, Bloomington, IN USA.
Cogn Res Princ Implic. 2016;1(1):8. doi: 10.1186/s41235-016-0009-4. Epub 2016 Sep 22.
Men's perceptions of women's sexual interest were studied in a sample of 250 male undergraduates, who rated 173 full-body photos of women differing in expressed cues of sexual interest, attractiveness, provocativeness of dress, and the social-environmental context into which the woman's photo had been embedded. Environmental context significantly influenced men's judgments of sexual interest, independently of the affective cues of sexual interest themselves and of provocativeness of dress and attractiveness. Cue usage was moderated by men's risk for sexual aggression, as measured by a rape-myth inventory, with higher-risk men (relative to lower-risk men) relying significantly less on affective cues, relying significantly more on attractiveness, and showing a non-significant tendency to rely more on environmental cues. Men exhibited a moderate degree of insight into individual differences in their cue usage. Analysis of individual differences in cue usage suggested that men's judgments of women's momentary sexual interest varied along two dimensions: (1) men who relied more on affective cues were less likely to rely on women's attractiveness (r = -0.73); and (2) men who were influenced more by provocativeness of dress were also likely to rely more on environmental context (r = 0.49). Results suggest that variation in contextual variables should be included in cognitive-training programs designed to improve the accuracy of men's judgments of women's affective responses. Ultimately, such training programs may prove useful as an adjunct to prevention programs for sexual aggression.
在250名男性本科生样本中，研究了男性对女性性兴趣的认知。这些男性对173张女性全身照片进行了评分，照片中女性在性兴趣的表达线索、吸引力、穿着的挑逗性以及照片所嵌入的社会环境背景方面存在差异。环境背景显著影响男性对性兴趣的判断，这与性兴趣本身的情感线索、穿着的挑逗性和吸引力无关。线索的使用受到男性性侵犯风险的调节，通过强奸谬见量表来衡量，高风险男性（相对于低风险男性）显著较少依赖情感线索，显著更多地依赖吸引力，并且表现出更多依赖环境线索的不显著趋势。男性对自己线索使用中的个体差异表现出一定程度的洞察力。对线索使用个体差异的分析表明，男性对女性瞬间性兴趣的判断在两个维度上有所不同：（1）更多依赖情感线索的男性不太可能依赖女性的吸引力（r = -0.73）；（2）受穿着挑逗性影响更大的男性也可能更多地依赖环境背景（r = 0.49）。结果表明，在旨在提高男性对女性情感反应判断准确性的认知训练项目中，应纳入情境变量的变化。最终，这样的训练项目可能被证明是性侵犯预防项目的有用辅助手段。
