Jeong Chang-Bum, Kim Hui-Su, Kang Hye-Min, Lee Jae-Seong
Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
Aquat Toxicol. 2017 Apr;185:29-39. doi: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.01.013. Epub 2017 Jan 24.
The ATP-binding cassette (ABC) protein superfamily is known to play a fundamental role in biological processes and is highly conserved across animal taxa. The ABC proteins function as active transporters for multiple substrates across the cellular membrane by ATP hydrolysis. As this superfamily is derived from a common ancestor, ABC genes have evolved via lineage-specific duplications through the process of adaptation. In this review, we summarized information about the ABC gene families in aquatic invertebrates, considering their evolution and putative functions in defense mechanisms. Phylogenetic analysis was conducted to examine the evolutionary significance of ABC gene families in aquatic invertebrates. Particularly, a massive expansion of multixenobiotic resistance (MXR)-mediated efflux transporters was identified in the absence of the ABCG2 (BCRP) gene in Ecdysozoa and Platyzoa, suggesting that a loss of Abcg2 gene occurred sporadically in these species during divergence of Protostome to Lophotrochozoa. Furthermore, in aquatic invertebrates, the ecotoxicological significance of MXR is discussed while considering the role of MXR-mediated efflux transporters in response to various environmental pollutants.
已知ATP结合盒（ABC）蛋白超家族在生物过程中发挥着重要作用，并且在整个动物分类群中高度保守。ABC蛋白通过ATP水解作为多种底物跨细胞膜的主动转运蛋白发挥作用。由于这个超家族起源于一个共同的祖先，ABC基因通过适应过程中的谱系特异性复制而进化。在这篇综述中，我们总结了有关水生无脊椎动物中ABC基因家族的信息，考虑了它们在防御机制中的进化和假定功能。进行了系统发育分析以检验ABC基因家族在水生无脊椎动物中的进化意义。特别地，在蜕皮动物和扁形动物中缺乏ABCG2（BCRP）基因的情况下，发现了多药耐药（MXR）介导的外排转运蛋白的大量扩增，这表明在原口动物到冠轮动物的分化过程中，这些物种中偶尔会发生Abcg2基因的丢失。此外，在水生无脊椎动物中，在考虑MXR介导的外排转运蛋白对各种环境污染物的反应作用的同时，讨论了MXR的生态毒理学意义。
