Zhang Bei, Han Siqi, Feng Bing, Chu Xiaoyuan, Chen Longbang, Wang Rui
Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Exp Mol Med. 2017 Feb 10;49(2):e293. doi: 10.1038/emm.2016.177.
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) has an important role in the development of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Accumulated evidence has shown that HBV-encoded X protein (HBx) can induce both genetic alterations in tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes, as well as epigenetic aberrations in HCC pathogens. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) mainly include microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Although ncRNAs cannot code proteins, growing evidence has shown that they have various important biological functions in cell proliferation, cell cycle control, anti-apoptosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, tumor invasion and metastasis. This review summarizes the current knowledge regarding the mechanisms and emerging roles of ncRNAs in the pathogenesis of HBV-related HCC. Accumulated data have shown that ncRNAs regulated by HBx have a crucial role in HBV-associated hepatocarcinogenesis. The findings of these studies will contribute to more clinical applications of HBV-related ncRNAs as potential diagnostic markers or as molecular therapeutic targets to prevent and treat HBV-related HCC.
乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）在人类肝细胞癌（HCC）的发生发展中起着重要作用。越来越多的证据表明，HBV编码的X蛋白（HBx）既能诱导肿瘤抑制基因和癌基因的基因改变，也能导致HCC病原体中的表观遗传异常。非编码RNA（ncRNAs）主要包括微小RNA和长链非编码RNA（lncRNAs）。虽然ncRNAs不能编码蛋白质，但越来越多的证据表明它们在细胞增殖、细胞周期调控、抗凋亡、上皮-间质转化、肿瘤侵袭和转移等方面具有多种重要的生物学功能。本文综述了目前关于ncRNAs在HBV相关HCC发病机制中的作用及新作用的相关知识。积累的数据表明，受HBx调控的ncRNAs在HBV相关肝癌发生中起关键作用。这些研究结果将有助于HBV相关ncRNAs作为潜在诊断标志物或分子治疗靶点在预防和治疗HBV相关HCC方面有更多的临床应用。
