Zimpel Cristina Kraemer, Brum Juliana Sperotto, de Souza Filho Antônio Francisco, Biondo Alexander Welker, Perotta João Henrique, Dib Cristina Corsi, Bonat Marcelo, Neto José Soares Ferreira, Brandão Paulo Eduardo, Heinemann Marcos Bryan, Guimaraes Ana Marcia Sa
Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Saúde Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87-Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP, CEP 05508-270, Brazil.
Departmento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Rua dos Funcionários, 1540, Curitiba, PR, CEP 80035-060, Brazil.
BMC Res Notes. 2017 Feb 10;10(1):91. doi: 10.1186/s13104-017-2413-3.
Tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium bovis is an important worldwide zoonosis and has been reported to cause clinical disease in several animal species, including captive wildlife. This report describes a case of M. bovis infection in a European bison from a Brazilian zoo and compiles a number of literature reports that raise concern regarding tuberculosis among captive wildlife in Brazil.
A 13 year-old captive-born male bison (Bison bonasus) from a Brazilian zoo began presenting weight loss, diarrhea and respiratory symptoms, which inevitably led to his death. At the animal's necropsy, inspection of the thoracic and abdominal cavities revealed multiple enlarged lymph nodes, ranging from 4 to 10 cm, and pulmonary nodules containing caseous masses with firm white materials consistent with mineralization. Histopathology findings showed a significant amount of acid-alcohol resistant bacilli compatible with Mycobacterium spp. Specimens from lymph nodes and lungs were cultured on Petragnani and Stonebrink media, and specific PCR assays of the bacterial isolate identified it as M. bovis.
The European bison reported herein died from a severe form of disseminated tuberculosis caused by M. bovis. A review of the available literature indicates possible widespread occurrence of clinical disease caused by M. bovis or M. tuberculosis affecting multiple animal species in Brazilian wildlife-related institutions. These likely underestimated numbers raise concern regarding the control of the disease in captive animal populations from Brazil.
牛分枝杆菌引起的结核病是一种重要的全球性人畜共患病，据报道已在包括圈养野生动物在内的多种动物物种中引发临床疾病。本报告描述了一例来自巴西动物园的欧洲野牛感染牛分枝杆菌的病例，并汇编了一些文献报告，这些报告引发了对巴西圈养野生动物结核病的关注。
一头来自巴西动物园、圈养出生的13岁雄性野牛（欧洲野牛）开始出现体重减轻、腹泻和呼吸道症状，最终导致死亡。在对该动物进行尸检时，对胸腔和腹腔的检查发现多个肿大的淋巴结，大小从4厘米到10厘米不等，肺部有结节，其中含有干酪样肿块，伴有与矿化相符的坚硬白色物质。组织病理学检查结果显示大量抗酸杆菌，与分枝杆菌属相符。从淋巴结和肺部采集的标本在佩特拉尼亚尼培养基和斯通布林克培养基上进行培养，对细菌分离株进行的特异性PCR检测将其鉴定为牛分枝杆菌。
本文报道的欧洲野牛死于由牛分枝杆菌引起的严重播散性结核病。对现有文献的回顾表明，在巴西与野生动物相关的机构中，由牛分枝杆菌或结核分枝杆菌引起的临床疾病可能广泛存在于多种动物物种中。这些可能被低估的数字引发了对巴西圈养动物群体中疾病控制的关注。
