Liu Junjun, Zhang Chuanmao
Department of Biological Sciences, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, CA, 91768, USA.
The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation and the State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
Cell Mol Life Sci. 2017 Jun;74(12):2127-2134. doi: 10.1007/s00018-017-2457-5. Epub 2017 Feb 10.
PLK1 regulates almost every aspect of mitotic events, including mitotic entry, spindle assembly, chromosome alignment, sister chromatid segregation, metaphase-anaphase transition, cytokinesis, etc. In regulating the chromosome alignment and sister chromatid segregation, PLK1 has to be localized to and removed from kinetochores at the right times, and the underlying mechanism that regulates PLK1 both spatially and temporally only became clearer recently. It has been found that deubiquitination and ubiquitination of PLK1 are responsible for its localization to and dissociation from the kinetochores, respectively. The equilibrium of this ubiquitination and deubiquitination plays an important role in regulating proper chromosome alignment and timely sister chromatid segregation. Here, we summarize and discuss the recent findings in investigating the spatial and temporal regulation of PLK1 during chromosome alignment and sister chromatid segregation.
PLK1几乎调控有丝分裂事件的各个方面，包括有丝分裂起始、纺锤体组装、染色体排列、姐妹染色单体分离、中期-后期转换、胞质分裂等。在调控染色体排列和姐妹染色单体分离过程中，PLK1必须在合适的时间定位于动粒并从动粒上移除，而在空间和时间上调控PLK1的潜在机制直到最近才变得更加清晰。已发现PLK1的去泛素化和泛素化分别负责其定位于动粒和从动粒上解离。这种泛素化和去泛素化的平衡在调控正确的染色体排列和及时的姐妹染色单体分离中起重要作用。在此，我们总结并讨论了近期在研究染色体排列和姐妹染色单体分离过程中PLK1的时空调控方面的发现。
