Dept. of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 3, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
Dept. of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 3, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University Hospital Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 3, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
Neuroimage. 2018 Apr 15;170:210-221. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.02.016. Epub 2017 Feb 7.
Voxel-based morphometry is still mainly based on T1-weighted MRI scans. Misclassification of vessels and dura mater as gray matter has been previously reported. Goal of the present work was to evaluate the effect of multimodal segmentation methods available in SPM12, and their influence on identification of age related atrophy and lesion detection in epilepsy patients. 3D T1-, T2- and FLAIR-images of 77 healthy adults (mean age 35.8 years, 19-66 years, 45 females), 7 patients with malformation of cortical development (MCD) (mean age 28.1 years,19-40 years, 3 females), and 5 patients with left hippocampal sclerosis (LHS) (mean age 49.0 years, 25-67 years, 3 females) from a 3T scanner were evaluated. Segmentation based on T1-only, T1+T2, T1+FLAIR, T2+FLAIR, and T1+T2+FLAIR were compared in the healthy subjects. Clinical VBM results based on the different segmentation approaches for MCD and for LHS were compared. T1-only segmentation overestimated total intracranial volume by about 80ml compared to the other segmentation methods. This was due to misclassification of dura mater and vessels as GM and CSF. Significant differences were found for several anatomical regions: the occipital lobe, the basal ganglia/thalamus, the pre- and postcentral gyrus, the cerebellum, and the brainstem. None of the segmentation methods yielded completely satisfying results for the basal ganglia/thalamus and the brainstem. The best correlation with age could be found for the multimodal T1+T2+FLAIR segmentation. Highest T-scores for identification of LHS were found for T1+T2 segmentation, while highest T-scores for MCD were dependent on lesion and anatomical location. Multimodal segmentation is superior to T1-only segmentation and reduces the misclassification of dura mater and vessels as GM and CSF. Depending on the anatomical region and the pathology of interest (atrophy, lesion detection, etc.), different combinations of T1, T2 and FLAIR yield optimal results.
体素形态计量学仍然主要基于 T1 加权 MRI 扫描。以前有报道称，血管和硬脑膜被错误分类为灰质。本研究的目的是评估 SPM12 中提供的多模态分割方法的效果，以及它们对识别与年龄相关的萎缩和癫痫患者病变检测的影响。对 77 名健康成年人（平均年龄 35.8 岁，19-66 岁，45 名女性）、7 名皮质发育畸形（MCD）患者（平均年龄 28.1 岁，19-40 岁，3 名女性）和 5 名左侧海马硬化（LHS）患者（平均年龄 49.0 岁，25-67 岁，3 名女性）的 3T 扫描仪的 3D T1、T2 和 FLAIR 图像进行了评估。在健康受试者中比较了基于 T1 仅、T1+T2、T1+FLAIR、T2+FLAIR 和 T1+T2+FLAIR 的分割。比较了基于不同分割方法的 MCD 和 LHS 的临床 VBM 结果。与其他分割方法相比，T1 仅分割法高估了总颅内体积约 80ml，这是由于硬脑膜和血管被错误分类为 GM 和 CSF。在几个解剖区域发现了显著差异：枕叶、基底节/丘脑、中央前回和中央后回、小脑和脑干。对于基底节/丘脑和脑干，没有一种分割方法能得到完全令人满意的结果。与年龄的相关性最好的是多模态 T1+T2+FLAIR 分割。T1+T2 分割对识别 LHS 的 T 分数最高，而对 MCD 的 T 分数最高则取决于病变和解剖位置。多模态分割优于 T1 仅分割，减少了硬脑膜和血管作为 GM 和 CSF 的错误分类。根据感兴趣的解剖区域和病变（萎缩、病变检测等），T1、T2 和 FLAIR 的不同组合可以产生最佳结果。
