Gabbard G O
Bull Menninger Clin. 1989 Nov;53(6):527-32.
The spectrum of narcissistic disturbances described in the psychoanalytic literature is not reflected in the rather narrow criteria of the third revised edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-III-R, American Psychiatric Association, 1987). Narcissistic personality disorder can be conceptualized as occurring on a continuum between two extremes. At one end of the continuum is the oblivious subtype, and on the other end is the hypervigilant subtype. These two entities may be distinguished by characteristic transference and countertransference patterns.
精神分析文献中所描述的自恋障碍谱系，并未在《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第三版修订版（DSM - III - R，美国精神病学协会，1987年）相当狭窄的标准中得到体现。自恋型人格障碍可被概念化为发生在两个极端之间的连续体上。在连续体的一端是浑然不觉亚型，另一端是过度警觉亚型。这两种类型可通过特征性的移情和反移情模式加以区分。
