Furushima Taishi, Miyachi Motohiko, Iemitsu Motoyuki, Murakami Haruka, Kawano Hiroshi, Gando Yuko, Kawakami Ryoko, Sanada Kiyoshi
College of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Noji Higashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan.
Department of Health Promotion and Exercise, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8636, Japan.
J Physiol Anthropol. 2017 Feb 13;36(1):15. doi: 10.1186/s40101-017-0130-1.
This study aimed to compare relationships between height- or weight-adjusted appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM/Ht or ASM/Wt) and risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases or osteoporosis in Japanese men and women.
Subjects were healthy Japanese men (n = 583) and women (n = 1218). The study population included a young group (310 men and 357 women; age, 18-40 years) and a middle-aged and elderly group (273 men and 861 women; age, ≥41 years). ASM was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The reference values for class 1 and 2 sarcopenia in each sex were defined as values one and two standard deviations below the sex-specific means of the young group, respectively.
The reference values for class 1 and 2 sarcopenia defined by ASM/Ht were 7.77 and 6.89 kg/m in men and 6.06 and 5.31 kg/m in women, respectively. The reference values for ASM/Wt were 35.0 and 32.0% in men and 29.6 and 26.4% in women, respectively. In both men and women, ASM/Wt was negatively correlated with higher triglycerides (TG) and positively correlated with serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), but these associations were not found in height-adjusted ASM. In women, TG, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure in sarcopenia defined by ASM/Wt were significantly higher than those in normal subjects, but these associations were not found in sarcopenia defined by ASM/Ht. Whole-body and regional bone mineral density in sarcopenia defined by ASM/Ht were significantly lower than those in normal subjects, but these associations were not found in sarcopenia defined by ASM/Wt.
Weight-adjusted definition was able to identify cardiometabolic risk factors such as TG and HDL-C while height-adjusted definition could identify factors for osteoporosis.
本研究旨在比较日本男性和女性中身高或体重调整后的四肢骨骼肌质量（ASM/Ht或ASM/Wt）与心血管代谢疾病或骨质疏松症风险因素之间的关系。
研究对象为健康的日本男性（n = 583）和女性（n = 1218）。研究人群包括青年组（310名男性和357名女性；年龄18 - 40岁）和中老年组（273名男性和861名女性；年龄≥41岁）。通过双能X线吸收法测量ASM。将各性别1级和2级肌肉减少症的参考值分别定义为低于青年组特定性别人群均值1个和2个标准差的值。
按ASM/Ht定义的1级和2级肌肉减少症的参考值，男性分别为7.77和6.89 kg/m，女性分别为6.06和5.31 kg/m。按ASM/Wt定义的参考值，男性分别为35.0%和32.0%，女性分别为29.6%和26.4%。在男性和女性中，ASM/Wt与较高的甘油三酯（TG）呈负相关，与血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）呈正相关，但在身高调整后的ASM中未发现这些关联。在女性中，按ASM/Wt定义的肌肉减少症患者的TG、收缩压和舒张压显著高于正常受试者，但在按ASM/Ht定义的肌肉减少症中未发现这些关联。按ASM/Ht定义的肌肉减少症患者的全身和局部骨密度显著低于正常受试者，但在按ASM/Wt定义的肌肉减少症中未发现这些关联。
体重调整后的定义能够识别TG和HDL-C等心血管代谢风险因素，而身高调整后的定义能够识别骨质疏松症相关因素。
