Pisano Vincent D, Putnam Nathaniel P, Kramer Hannah M, Franciotti Kevin J, Halpern John H, Holden Selma C
1 Laboratory for Integrative Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Belmont, USA.
2 Touro College of Osteopathic Medicine, New York, USA.
J Psychopharmacol. 2017 May;31(5):606-613. doi: 10.1177/0269881117691453. Epub 2017 Feb 14.
Preliminary studies show psychedelic compounds administered with psychotherapy are potentially effective and durable substance misuse interventions. However, little is known about the association between psychedelic use and substance misuse in the general population. This study investigated the association between psychedelic use and past year opioid use disorders within illicit opioid users.
While controlling for socio-demographic covariates and the use of other substances, the relationship between classic psychedelic use and past year opioid use disorders was analyzed within 44,000 illicit opioid users who completed the National Survey on Drug Use and Health from 2008 to 2013.
Among respondents with a history of illicit opioid use, psychedelic drug use is associated with 27% reduced risk of past year opioid dependence (weighted risk ratio = 0.73 (0.60-0.89) p = 0.002) and 40% reduced risk of past year opioid abuse (weighted risk ratio = 0.60 (0.41-0.86) p = 0.006). Other than marijuana use, which was associated with 55% reduced risk of past year opioid abuse (weighted risk ratio = 0.45 (0.30-0.66) p < 0.001), no other illicit drug was associated with reduced risk of past year opioid dependence or abuse.
Experience with psychedelic drugs is associated with decreased risk of opioid abuse and dependence. Conversely, other illicit drug use history is largely associated with increased risk of opioid abuse and dependence. These findings suggest that psychedelics are associated with positive psychological characteristics and are consistent with prior reports suggesting efficacy in treatment of substance use disorders.
初步研究表明，迷幻化合物与心理治疗相结合可能是有效且持久的物质滥用干预措施。然而，对于普通人群中迷幻药物使用与物质滥用之间的关联，人们知之甚少。本研究调查了非法阿片类药物使用者中迷幻药物使用与过去一年阿片类药物使用障碍之间的关联。
在控制社会人口统计学协变量和其他物质使用的情况下，对2008年至2013年完成全国药物使用和健康调查的44000名非法阿片类药物使用者中经典迷幻药物使用与过去一年阿片类药物使用障碍之间的关系进行了分析。
在有非法阿片类药物使用史的受访者中，使用迷幻药物与过去一年阿片类药物依赖风险降低27%相关（加权风险比=0.73（0.60-0.89），p=0.002），与过去一年阿片类药物滥用风险降低40%相关（加权风险比=0.60（0.41-0.86），p=0.006）。除了大麻使用与过去一年阿片类药物滥用风险降低55%相关（加权风险比=0.45（0.30-0.66），p<0.001）外，没有其他非法药物与过去一年阿片类药物依赖或滥用风险降低相关。
迷幻药物使用经历与阿片类药物滥用和依赖风险降低相关。相反，其他非法药物使用史在很大程度上与阿片类药物滥用和依赖风险增加相关。这些发现表明，迷幻药物与积极的心理特征相关，并且与先前关于治疗物质使用障碍有效性的报告一致。
