Gielow Matthew R, Zaborszky Laszlo
Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ 07102, USA.
Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ 07102, USA.
Cell Rep. 2017 Feb 14;18(7):1817-1830. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.01.060.
Basal forebrain cholinergic neurons influence cortical state, plasticity, learning, and attention. They collectively innervate the entire cerebral cortex, differentially controlling acetylcholine efflux across different cortical areas and timescales. Such control might be achieved by differential inputs driving separable cholinergic outputs, although no input-output relationship on a brain-wide level has ever been demonstrated. Here, we identify input neurons to cholinergic cells projecting to specific cortical regions by infecting cholinergic axon terminals with a monosynaptically restricted viral tracer. This approach revealed several circuit motifs, such as central amygdala neurons synapsing onto basolateral amygdala-projecting cholinergic neurons or strong somatosensory cortical input to motor cortex-projecting cholinergic neurons. The presence of input cells in the parasympathetic midbrain nuclei contacting frontally projecting cholinergic neurons suggest that the network regulating the inner eye muscles are additionally regulating cortical state via acetylcholine efflux. This dataset enables future circuit-level experiments to identify drivers of known cortical cholinergic functions.
基底前脑胆碱能神经元影响皮层状态、可塑性、学习和注意力。它们共同支配整个大脑皮层，在不同的皮层区域和时间尺度上差异控制乙酰胆碱的释放。这种控制可能是通过驱动可分离胆碱能输出的差异输入来实现的，尽管在全脑水平上尚未证明存在输入-输出关系。在这里，我们通过用单突触限制病毒示踪剂感染胆碱能轴突终末，来识别投射到特定皮层区域的胆碱能细胞的输入神经元。这种方法揭示了几种回路模式，比如中央杏仁核神经元与投射到基底外侧杏仁核的胆碱能神经元形成突触，或者体感皮层对投射到运动皮层的胆碱能神经元有强烈的输入。副交感中脑核中存在与额叶投射胆碱能神经元接触的输入细胞，这表明调节眼内肌的网络还通过乙酰胆碱释放来调节皮层状态。该数据集有助于未来进行回路水平的实验，以确定已知皮层胆碱能功能的驱动因素。
