De Assuncao Thiago M, Jalan-Sakrikar Nidhi, Huebert Robert C
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota.
Semin Liver Dis. 2017 Feb;37(1):17-27. doi: 10.1055/s-0036-1597818. Epub 2017 Feb 15.
Despite decades of basic research, biliary diseases remain prevalent, highly morbid, and notoriously difficult to treat. We have, however, dramatically increased our understanding of biliary developmental biology, cholangiocyte pathophysiology, and the endogenous mechanisms of biliary regeneration and repair. All of this complex and rapidly evolving knowledge coincides with an explosion of new technological advances in the area of regenerative medicine. New breakthroughs such as induced pluripotent stem cells and organoid culture are increasingly being applied to the biliary system; it is only a matter of time until new regenerative therapeutics for the cholangiopathies are unveiled. In this review, the authors integrate what is known about biliary development, regeneration, and repair, and link these conceptual advances to the technological breakthroughs that are collectively driving the emergence of a new global field in biliary regenerative medicine.
尽管经过了数十年的基础研究，但胆道疾病仍然普遍存在，具有高度致病性，并且治疗难度极大。然而，我们对胆道发育生物学、胆管细胞病理生理学以及胆道再生和修复的内源性机制的理解有了显著提高。所有这些复杂且迅速发展的知识与再生医学领域新技术的爆炸式发展相契合。诸如诱导多能干细胞和类器官培养等新突破越来越多地应用于胆道系统；新型胆管病再生疗法的问世只是时间问题。在这篇综述中，作者整合了关于胆道发育、再生和修复的已知知识，并将这些概念上的进展与技术突破联系起来，这些技术突破共同推动了胆道再生医学这一全新全球领域的出现。
