Abdulla Jalil Mahmwd, Rose Stephen Paul, Mackenzie Alexander Mackay, Pirgozliev Vasil Radoslavov
a Department of Animal Production, Welfare and Veterinary Sciences , Harper Adams University , Newport , UK.
b National Institute of Poultry Husbandry , Harper Adams University , Newport , Shropshire , UK.
Arch Anim Nutr. 2017 Apr;71(2):150-164. doi: 10.1080/1745039X.2017.1283823.
Effects of field beans with various tannin content and exogenous enzyme mixture containing tannase, pectinase and xylanase activities on N-corrected dietary apparent metabolisable energy (AMEn), coefficients of dry matter (DMR) and nitrogen retention (NR), fat digestibility, gastrointestinal tract (GIT) development, jejunal villus morphometry, ileal digesta viscosity and sialic acid were examined. Birds' growth performance and energy conversion ratio (ECR) were also measured. Birds were fed one of eight mash diets. The Control diet contained as major ingredients wheat (400 g/kg) and soybean meal (SBM) (127 g/kg and 221 g crude protein/kg and 12.83 MJ AMEn/kg. To reduce nutrient density, the Control diet also contained washed sand at 119 g/kg. Another three diets containing 300 g/kg of each of three experimental field bean cultivar samples in replacement for SBM and sand were also mixed. Each diet was fed to nine pens with two male Ross 308 broilers. Diets high in tannin had low AMEn, ECR, DMR and NR (p < 0.001). Feeding field beans increased (p < 0.001) the weights of the pancreas and the proventriculus and gizzard (PG) of the birds. Supplementing diets with the enzyme mixture improved (p < 0.001) feed conversion efficiency, AMEn and all nutrient utilisation coefficients despite the tannins in diets. The enzyme mixture reduced ileal digesta viscosity (p < 0.001) and the weight of pancreas, total GIT and PG (p < 0.05) of the birds. It can be concluded that the feeding value of field beans with different tannin contents may vary when fed to broilers. The supplementation of the enzyme mixture improved the feeding value of diets for broilers. The beneficial effect of the addition of the enzyme mixture seems to be mediated through reduced ileal digesta viscosity and improved nutrient availability.
研究了不同单宁含量的蚕豆以及含有单宁酶、果胶酶和木聚糖酶活性的外源酶混合物对氮校正日粮表观代谢能（AMEn）、干物质消化率（DMR）和氮保留率（NR）、脂肪消化率、胃肠道（GIT）发育、空肠绒毛形态、回肠食糜粘度和唾液酸的影响。还测定了家禽的生长性能和能量转化率（ECR）。家禽饲喂八种粉料日粮中的一种。对照日粮的主要成分是小麦（400 g/kg）和豆粕（SBM）（127 g/kg，粗蛋白221 g/kg，AMEn 12.83 MJ/kg）。为降低营养密度，对照日粮还含有119 g/kg的水洗砂。另外三种日粮分别用三种试验蚕豆品种样品各300 g/kg替代豆粕和砂进行混合。每种日粮饲喂9个栏舍，每个栏舍饲养2只雄性罗斯308肉鸡。单宁含量高的日粮AMEn、ECR、DMR和NR较低（p<0.001）。饲喂蚕豆增加了（p<0.001）家禽胰腺和腺胃及肌胃（PG）的重量。日粮中添加酶混合物提高了（p<0.001）饲料转化效率、AMEn和所有养分利用率，尽管日粮中含有单宁。酶混合物降低了回肠食糜粘度（p<0.001）以及家禽胰腺、整个GIT和PG的重量（p<0.05）。可以得出结论，不同单宁含量的蚕豆喂给肉鸡时，其饲用价值可能不同。添加酶混合物提高了肉鸡日粮的饲用价值。添加酶混合物的有益效果似乎是通过降低回肠食糜粘度和提高养分利用率来实现的。
