Yaghmaei Minoo, Yazdani Shahram, Ahmady Soleiman
Associate Professor, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Associate Professor, School of Medical Education Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Med J Islam Repub Iran. 2016 Nov 21;30:443. eCollection 2016.
The aim of this study was to show the interaction between the society, applicants and medical schools in terms of medical student selection. In this study, the trends to implement social factors in the selection process were highlighted. These social factors were explored through functionalism and conflict theories, each focusing on different categories of social factors. While functionalist theorists pay attention to diversity in the selection process, conflict theorists highlight the importance of socio-economic class. Although both theories believe in sorting, their different views are reflected in their sorting strategies. Both theories emphasize the importance of the person-society relationship in motivation to enter university. Furthermore, the impacts of social goals on the selection policies are derived from both theories. Theories in the sociology of education offer an approach to student selection that acknowledges and supports complexity, plurality of approaches and innovative means of selection. Medical student selection does not solely focus on the individual assessment and qualification, but it focuses on a social and collective process, which includes all the influences and interactions between the medical schools and the society. Sociological perspective of medical student selection proposes a model that envelops the individual and the society. In this model, the selection methods should meet the criteria of merit at the individual level, while the selection policies should aim at the society goals at the institutional level.
本研究的目的是展示在医学生选拔方面社会、申请者和医学院校之间的相互作用。在本研究中，突出了在选拔过程中纳入社会因素的趋势。通过功能主义和冲突理论对这些社会因素进行了探讨，这两种理论各自关注不同类别的社会因素。功能主义理论家关注选拔过程中的多样性，而冲突理论家则强调社会经济阶层的重要性。尽管两种理论都认可选拔，但它们不同的观点体现在选拔策略上。两种理论都强调个人与社会关系在进入大学动机方面的重要性。此外，社会目标对选拔政策的影响源自这两种理论。教育社会学中的理论提供了一种学生选拔方法，该方法承认并支持复杂性、多种方法以及创新的选拔手段。医学生选拔并非仅仅专注于个人评估和资质，而是关注一个社会和集体过程，其中包括医学院校与社会之间的所有影响和相互作用。医学生选拔的社会学视角提出了一个涵盖个人与社会的模型。在这个模型中，选拔方法应在个人层面满足择优标准，而选拔政策应在机构层面以社会目标为导向。
