Ingervall B, Mohlin B, Thilander B
Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 1978 Nov;6(6):308-14. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0528.1978.tb01172.x.
Previous orthodontic treatment, the awareness of malocclusion, the demand for orthodontic treatment and the prevalence of malocclusion were studied in 389 Swedish men, aged 21-54 years (mean age 32 years). Nine percent had been treated with an orthodontic appliance and 15% reported that permanent teeth had been extracted on orthodontic indications. Malposition of teeth was found in 75%, with rotation as the most common type of malposition. Crowding was recorded in 43% and spacing in 18%. Fifty-seven percent had some occlusal anomaly. The need for orthodontic treatment was rated on a four-point scale. It was found that 76% were in need of treatment. The need for treatment was only slight in half of the men but moderate to urgent in 25% of the sample. About a quarter of the men were aware of malposition of front teeth, equally often for maxillary and mandibular teeth, but only about 1% were aware of malposition of posterior teeth. Only a few percent thought they were in need of orthodontic treatment. The presence of malocclusion was correlated to age, place of birth and educational level. This might perhaps be a consequence of tooth loss.
对389名年龄在21至54岁（平均年龄32岁）的瑞典男性进行了研究，以了解他们既往的正畸治疗情况、错颌畸形认知度、正畸治疗需求以及错颌畸形的患病率。9%的人曾接受过正畸矫治器治疗，15%的人报告因正畸原因拔除过恒牙。75%的人存在牙齿错位，其中牙齿扭转是最常见的错位类型。43%的人有牙列拥挤，18%的人有牙列间隙。57%的人存在某种咬合异常。正畸治疗需求采用四点量表进行评估。结果发现，76%的人需要治疗。其中一半人的治疗需求仅为轻度，但25%的样本有中度至迫切的治疗需求。约四分之一的男性意识到前牙错位，上颌牙和下颌牙出现错位的情况同样常见，但只有约1%的人意识到后牙错位。只有少数人认为自己需要正畸治疗。错颌畸形的存在与年龄、出生地和教育水平相关。这可能是牙齿缺失的结果。
