Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Unesp-SBFis, Brasil.
Univ Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Departamento de Apoio, Produção e Saúde Animal, Araçatuba, 16050-680, Brasil.
Sci Rep. 2017 Feb 17;7:42878. doi: 10.1038/srep42878.
The effects of strength training (ST) on the mechanical bone strength and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) from adult, aged and exercised aged rats were determined. The exercised aged animals displayed higher values of areal bone mineral density, compression test, alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) and biological mineralization, while oil red O staining for adipocytes was lower. ST increased gene expression of runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), osterix (Osx) as well as bone matrix protein expression, and reduced expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (Pparγ). The production of pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) was lower in BMSCs of the aged exercised group. The ST practice was able to improve the bone mechanical properties in aged female rats, increasing the potential for osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, reducing the adipogenic differentiation and pro-inflammatory cytokine level. In summary, the data achieved in this study showed that strength training triggers physiological responses that result in changes in the bone microenvironment and bring benefits to biomechanical parameters of bone tissue, which could reduce the risk of fractures during senescent.
研究了力量训练（ST）对成年、老年和运动老年大鼠骨髓间充质基质细胞（BMSCs）的机械骨强度和成骨分化的影响。运动老年动物的骨面积密度、压缩试验、碱性磷酸酶活性（ALP）和生物矿化值较高，而脂肪细胞的油红 O 染色较低。ST 增加了 runt 相关转录因子 2（Runx2）、osterix（Osx）的基因表达以及骨基质蛋白的表达，并降低了过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ（Pparγ）的表达。运动老年组 BMSCs 中促炎细胞因子肿瘤坏死因子 α（TNF-α）的产生较低。力量训练能够改善老年雌性大鼠的骨骼机械性能，增加 BMSCs 的成骨分化潜力，减少脂肪生成分化和促炎细胞因子水平。总之，本研究获得的数据表明，力量训练引发了生理反应，导致骨微环境发生变化，并为骨组织的生物力学参数带来益处，这可能降低衰老过程中骨折的风险。
