Multicentric Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences - SBFis/UNESP, São Paulo State University, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil.
Aging Biology Research Group, Department of Basic Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Rodovia Marechal Rondon, km 527, CEP 16018-805, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil.
Geroscience. 2024 Apr;46(2):1927-1946. doi: 10.1007/s11357-023-00948-6. Epub 2023 Sep 30.
A sedentary lifestyle, coupled with a decrease in estrogen, impairs bone homeostasis, favoring to the development of osteopenia and osteoporosis, both recognized as risk factors for fractures. Here, we investigated the quality of the femur, particularly the femur neck region, and the ambulation performance of senescent rats subjected to three different physical training protocols during the periestropause period. Forty-eight female rats, 18 months of age, were subjected to a 120-day training period, three times a week. The rats were distributed into four groups: aerobic training (AT), strength training (ST), concurrent training (CT), or no training (NT). After the experimental period, at 21 months of age, ambulation performance and femur were analyzed using microtomography, Raman stereology, densitometry, and mechanical strength tests. The results demonstrated greater remodeling activity and improvement in resistance and bone microarchitecture in the femur neck of senescent female rats after undergoing physical training. Our verified higher intensities of bands related to collagen, phosphate, amide III, and amide I. Furthermore, the analysis of the secondary collagen structures indicated alterations in the collagen network due to the exercise, resulting in increased bone strength. Both AT and strength-based training proved beneficial, with AT showing greater adaptations in bone density and stiffness in the femur, while strength-based training greater adaptations in trabecular and cortical structure. These insights contribute to the understanding of the potential interventions for preventing osteopenia and osteoporosis, which are critical risk factors for fractures.
久坐的生活方式加上雌激素的减少会破坏骨骼的内稳定状态，有利于骨质疏松症和骨质疏松症的发展，这两者都被认为是骨折的危险因素。在这里，我们研究了衰老大鼠在围绝经期期间接受三种不同身体训练方案后的股骨质量，特别是股骨颈区域和活动性能。48 只 18 个月大的雌性大鼠接受了为期 120 天的训练期，每周三次。将大鼠分为四组：有氧运动训练（AT）、力量训练（ST）、混合训练（CT）或不训练（NT）。在实验期结束后，即 21 个月大时，使用 microtomography、Raman 立体学、密度测定法和机械强度测试分析了活动性能和股骨。结果表明，经过身体训练后，衰老雌性大鼠的股骨颈处的重塑活性和阻力以及骨微结构得到了改善。我们验证了与胶原蛋白、磷酸盐、酰胺 III 和酰胺 I 相关的更高强度带。此外，对二级胶原结构的分析表明，由于运动，胶原网络发生了变化，导致骨强度增加。有氧运动和基于力量的训练都被证明是有益的，有氧运动在股骨的骨密度和硬度方面有更大的适应性，而基于力量的训练在小梁和皮质结构方面有更大的适应性。这些发现有助于理解预防骨质疏松症和骨质疏松症的潜在干预措施，这是骨折的关键危险因素。
