Dekens Marcus P S, Foulkes Nicholas S, Tessmar-Raible Kristin
Max Perutz Laboratories, Vienna Biocenter, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Eggenstein, Germany.
PLoS One. 2017 Feb 17;12(2):e0172038. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172038. eCollection 2017.
The acquisition of reliable data strongly depends on experimental design. When studying the effects of light on processes such as behaviour and physiology it is crucial to maintain all environmental conditions constant apart from the one under study. Furthermore, the precise values of the environmental factors applied during the experiment should be known. Although seemingly obvious, these conditions are often not met when the effects of light are being studied. Here, we document and discuss the wavelengths and light intensities of natural and artificial light sources. We present standardised experimental protocols together with building plans of a custom made instrument designed to accurately control light and temperature for experiments using fresh water or marine species. Infrared light is commonly used for recording behaviour and in electrophysiological experiments although the properties of fish photoreceptors potentially allow detection into the far red. As an example of our experimental procedure we have applied our protocol and instrument to specifically test the impact of infrared light (840 nm) on the zebrafish circadian clock, which controls many aspects of behaviour, physiology and metabolism. We demonstrate that infrared light does not influence the zebrafish circadian clock. Our results help to provide a solid framework for the future study of light dependent processes in aquatic organisms.
可靠数据的获取在很大程度上取决于实验设计。在研究光对行为和生理等过程的影响时,除了所研究的因素外,保持所有环境条件恒定至关重要。此外,应了解实验过程中所应用环境因素的精确值。虽然这些条件看似显而易见,但在研究光的影响时往往无法满足。在此,我们记录并讨论了自然光源和人造光源的波长及光强度。我们展示了标准化的实验方案以及一种定制仪器的构建计划,该仪器旨在精确控制用于淡水或海洋物种实验的光照和温度。红外光通常用于行为记录和电生理实验,尽管鱼类光感受器的特性可能允许检测到远红光。作为我们实验过程的一个例子,我们应用我们的方案和仪器专门测试了红外光(840纳米)对斑马鱼生物钟的影响,生物钟控制着行为、生理和新陈代谢的许多方面。我们证明红外光不会影响斑马鱼生物钟。我们的结果有助于为未来水生生物中光依赖过程的研究提供坚实的框架。