Hagovska Magdaléna, Švihra Ján, Buková Alena, Horbacz Agáta, Dračková Dana, Švihrová Viera, Kraus Lenka
Department of Physiatry, Balneology, and Medical Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, PJ Safarik University, Kosice, Slovak Republic.
Department of Urology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Martin, Comenius University Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
Int J Sports Med. 2017 Mar;38(3):210-216. doi: 10.1055/s-0042-123045. Epub 2017 Feb 17.
The aim of this cross-sectional study was to monitor the prevalence of symptoms of stress (SUI) and mixed urinary incontinence (MUI) in sportswomen performing high-impact exercises. A further objective was to compare the symptoms of urinary incontinence (UI) and quality of life in sportswomen. We used the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire (ICIQ-SF), the Overactive Bladder Questionnaire (OAB-q), the Urinary Incontinence Quality of Life Scale (I-QOL) and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), short version. The group consisted of 503 sportswomen with a mean age of 21.1±3.6. The response rate was 71.15%. ICIQ-SF results confirmed mild difficulties with urine leakage in 72 (14.3%) sportswomen. Urinary leakage was not noted in 431 (85.7%) sportswomen. The OAB-q and I-QOL showed a significant difference, with pronounced symptoms of UUI and worse QOL in the group of sportswomen with urine leakage (p<0.000). The I-QOL recorded significantly worse parameters in the group of sportswomen with urine leakage (p<0.000). Prevalence of SUI was found in 68 (13.52%), and MUI was found in 4 (0.80%) sportswomen. Every seventh sportswoman (14.3%) in the study group had reported problems with UI when practising high-impact sporting activities, with a negative impact on QOL.
这项横断面研究的目的是监测从事高强度运动的女性运动员中压力性尿失禁（SUI）和混合性尿失禁（MUI）症状的患病率。另一个目标是比较女性运动员的尿失禁（UI）症状和生活质量。我们使用了国际尿失禁咨询问卷（ICIQ-SF）、膀胱过度活动症问卷（OAB-q）、尿失禁生活质量量表（I-QOL）和国际体力活动问卷（IPAQ）简版。该组由503名平均年龄为21.1±3.6岁的女性运动员组成。应答率为71.15%。ICIQ-SF结果证实，72名（14.3%）女性运动员存在轻度漏尿问题。431名（85.7%）女性运动员未发现漏尿情况。OAB-q和I-QOL显示出显著差异，漏尿的女性运动员组中存在明显的急迫性尿失禁症状且生活质量较差（p<0.000）。I-QOL记录显示，漏尿的女性运动员组的参数明显更差（p<0.000）。68名（13.52%）女性运动员被发现患有压力性尿失禁，4名（0.80%）女性运动员被发现患有混合性尿失禁。研究组中每七名女性运动员（14.3%）报告在进行高强度体育活动时存在尿失禁问题，对生活质量有负面影响。
