Ortiz-Avila Omar, Figueroa-García María Del Consuelo, García-Berumen Claudia Isabel, Calderón-Cortés Elizabeth, Mejía-Barajas Jorge A, Rodriguez-Orozco Alain R, Mejía-Zepeda Ricardo, Saavedra-Molina Alfredo, Cortés-Rojo Christian
Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Edificio B-3, Ciudad Universitaria, Av. Fco. J. Mújica S/N, 58030, Morelia, Mich, México.
Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida de los Barrios # 1, Los Reyes-Iztacala, 54090, Tlalnepantla, Estado de México, México.
J Bioenerg Biomembr. 2017 Apr;49(2):205-214. doi: 10.1007/s10863-017-9697-9. Epub 2017 Feb 18.
Hyperglycemia and mitochondrial ROS overproduction have been identified as key factors involved in the development of diabetic nephropathy. This has encouraged the search for strategies decreasing glucose levels and long-term improvement of redox status of glutathione, the main antioxidant counteracting mitochondrial damage. Previously, we have shown that avocado oil improves redox status of glutathione in liver and brain mitochondria from streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats; however, the long-term effects of avocado oil and its hypoglycemic effect cannot be evaluated because this model displays low survival and insulin depletion. Therefore, we tested during 1 year the effects of avocado oil on glycemia, ROS levels, lipid peroxidation and glutathione status in kidney mitochondria from type 2 diabetic Goto-Kakizaki rats. Diabetic rats exhibited glycemia of 120-186 mg/dL the first 9 months with a further increase to 250-300 mg/dL. Avocado oil decreased hyperglycemia at intermediate levels between diabetic and control rats. Diabetic rats displayed augmented lipid peroxidation and depletion of reduced glutathione throughout the study, while increased ROS generation was observed at the 3rd and 12th months along with diminished content of total glutathione at the 6th and 12th months. Avocado oil ameliorated all these defects and augmented the mitochondrial content of oleic acid. The beneficial effects of avocado oil are discussed in terms of the hypoglycemic effect of oleic acid and the probable dependence of glutathione transport on lipid peroxidation and thiol oxidation of mitochondrial carriers.
高血糖症和线粒体活性氧过量产生已被确定为参与糖尿病肾病发展的关键因素。这促使人们寻找降低血糖水平以及长期改善谷胱甘肽氧化还原状态的策略，谷胱甘肽是对抗线粒体损伤的主要抗氧化剂。此前，我们已表明鳄梨油可改善链脲佐菌素诱导的糖尿病大鼠肝脏和脑线粒体中谷胱甘肽的氧化还原状态；然而，由于该模型存活率低且胰岛素耗竭，无法评估鳄梨油的长期影响及其降血糖作用。因此，我们在1年时间里测试了鳄梨油对2型糖尿病Goto-Kakizaki大鼠肾线粒体中血糖、活性氧水平、脂质过氧化和谷胱甘肽状态的影响。糖尿病大鼠在最初9个月血糖为120 - 186mg/dL，随后进一步升至250 - 300mg/dL。鳄梨油可降低糖尿病大鼠与对照大鼠之间中间水平的高血糖症。在整个研究过程中，糖尿病大鼠脂质过氧化增强，还原型谷胱甘肽耗竭，同时在第3个月和第12个月观察到活性氧生成增加，在第6个月和第12个月总谷胱甘肽含量减少。鳄梨油改善了所有这些缺陷，并增加了线粒体中油酸的含量。从油酸的降血糖作用以及谷胱甘肽转运可能依赖于脂质过氧化和线粒体载体的硫醇氧化方面讨论了鳄梨油的有益作用。
