Barnett Steven L, Matthews Kelly A, Sutter Erika J, DeWindt Lori A, Pransky Jacqueline A, O'Hearn Amanda M, David Tamala M, Pollard Robert Q, Samar Vincent J, Pearson Thomas A
Rochester Prevention Research Center, National Center for Deaf Health Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York.
Rochester Prevention Research Center, National Center for Deaf Health Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York.
Am J Prev Med. 2017 Mar;52(3 Suppl 3):S250-S254. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2016.10.011.
Populations of deaf sign language users experience health disparities unmeasured by current public health surveillance. Population-specific health data are necessary to collaboratively identify health priorities and evaluate interventions. Standardized, reproducible, and language-concordant data collection in sign language is impossible via written or telephone surveys.
Deaf and hearing researchers, community members, and other stakeholders developed a broad computer-based health survey based on the telephone-administered Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. They translated survey items from English to sign language, evaluated the translations, and filmed the survey items for inclusion in their custom software. They initiated the second Rochester Deaf Health Survey in 2013 (n=211). Analyses (conducted in 2015) compared Rochester Deaf Health Survey 2013 findings with those of the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System with the general adult population in the same community (2012, n=1,816).
The Rochester Deaf Health Survey 2013 participants' mean age was 44.7 (range, 18-87) years. Most were deaf since birth or early childhood (87.1%) and highly educated (53.6% with ≥4 years of college). The median household income was <$35,000. The prevalence of current smokers was low (8.1%). Nearly all (93.8%) reported having health insurance, yet barriers to appropriate health care were evident, with high emergency department use (16.2% with two or more past-year visits) and 22.7% forgoing needed health care in the past year because of cost.
Community-engaged research with deaf populations identifies strengths and priorities, providing essential information otherwise missing from existing public health surveillance, and forming a foundation for collaborative dissemination to facilitate broader inclusion of deaf communities.
使用手语的聋人群体面临着当前公共卫生监测未衡量的健康差异。特定人群的健康数据对于共同确定健康优先事项和评估干预措施至关重要。通过书面或电话调查无法实现以手语进行标准化、可重复且语言一致的数据收集。
聋人和听力正常的研究人员、社区成员及其他利益相关者基于电话管理的行为危险因素监测系统开发了一项广泛的基于计算机的健康调查。他们将调查项目从英语翻译成手语，评估翻译内容，并拍摄调查项目以纳入其定制软件。他们于2013年启动了第二次罗切斯特聋人健康调查（n = 211）。（2015年进行的）分析将2013年罗切斯特聋人健康调查的结果与行为危险因素监测系统针对同一社区普通成年人群（2012年，n = 1816）的结果进行了比较。
2013年罗切斯特聋人健康调查参与者的平均年龄为44.7岁（范围为18 - 87岁）。大多数人自出生或幼儿期起就失聪（87.1%），且受教育程度较高（53.6%拥有≥4年大学学历）。家庭收入中位数低于35,000美元。当前吸烟者的患病率较低（8.1%）。几乎所有人（93.8%）报告拥有医疗保险，但获得适当医疗保健的障碍明显，急诊部门使用率较高（16.2%在过去一年有两次或更多次就诊），且22.7%的人在过去一年因费用问题而放弃了所需的医疗保健。
与聋人群体开展的社区参与研究确定了优势和优先事项，提供了现有公共卫生监测中缺失的重要信息，并为协作传播奠定了基础，以促进更广泛地纳入聋人社区。
