Shi Pengbao, Li Bing, Chen Haiju, Song Changzheng, Meng Jiangfei, Xi Zhumei, Zhang Zhenwen
College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Normal University of Science & Technology, Qinhuangdao 066600, Hebei, China.
Molecules. 2017 Feb 14;22(2):283. doi: 10.3390/molecules22020283.
Anthocyanins are important compounds for red grape and red wine quality, and can be influenced by supply of nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, zinc, and iron. The present work aims to gain a better understanding of the effect of iron supply on anthocyanins concentration in grape berries. To this end, own-rooted four-year-old Cabernet Sauvignon grapevines () were fertigated every three days with 0, 23, 46, 92, and 184 μM iron (Fe) from ferric ethylenediamine di (-hydroxyphenylacetic) acid (Fe-EDDHA) in a complete nutrient solution. Fe deficiency or excess generally led to higher concentrations of titratable acidity and skin/berry ratio, and to lower reducing sugar content, sugar/acid ratio, pH, berry weight, and concentration of anthocyanins. Most of the individual anthocyanins detected in this study, except cyanidin-3--glucoside, delphinidin-3--glucoside, and cyanidin-3--(6--coumaryl)-glucoside, in moderate Fe treatment (46 μM) grapes were significantly higher than those of other treatments. Genes encoding chalcone isomerase (CHI), flavanone 3-hydroxylase (F3H), leucoanthocyanidin dioxygenase (LDOX), and anthocyanin -methyltransferase (AOMT) exhibited higher transcript levels in berries from plants cultivated with 46 μM Fe compared to the ones cultivated with other Fe concentrations. We suggest that grape sugar content, anthocyanins content, and transcriptions of genes involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis were correlated with Fe supply concentrations.
花色苷是影响红葡萄和红葡萄酒品质的重要化合物，其含量会受到氮、磷、钾、锌和铁等养分供应的影响。本研究旨在更好地了解铁供应对葡萄果实中花色苷浓度的影响。为此，以自根苗四年生赤霞珠葡萄树（）为材料，在完全营养液中，每隔三天用0、23、46、92和184 μM的乙二胺二邻羟基苯乙酸铁（Fe-EDDHA）进行施肥处理。缺铁或铁过量通常会导致可滴定酸度和皮/果比升高，还原糖含量、糖/酸比、pH值、果实重量和花色苷浓度降低。在本研究中检测到的大多数花色苷单体，除矢车菊素-3-O-葡萄糖苷、飞燕草素-3-O-葡萄糖苷和矢车菊素-3-O-（6-O-香豆酰基）-葡萄糖苷外，中度铁处理（46 μM）的葡萄中的含量显著高于其他处理。与其他铁浓度处理的植株相比，编码查尔酮异构酶（CHI）、黄烷酮3-羟化酶（F3H）、无色花青素双加氧酶（LDOX）和花色苷-O-甲基转移酶（AOMT）的基因在46 μM铁处理植株的果实中表现出更高的转录水平。我们认为，葡萄中的糖含量、花色苷含量以及花色苷生物合成相关基因的转录与铁供应浓度相关。
