Environment &Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn, Cornwall, TR10 9FE, UK.
Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn, Cornwall, TR10 9FE, UK.
Sci Rep. 2017 Feb 20;7:42837. doi: 10.1038/srep42837.
Animal migration is ubiquitous in nature with individuals within a population often exhibiting varying movement strategies. The basking shark (Cetorhinus maximus) is the world's second largest fish species, however, a comprehensive understanding of their long-term wider-ranging movements in the north-east Atlantic is currently lacking. Seventy satellite tags were deployed on basking sharks over four years (2012-2015) off the west coast of Scotland and the Isle of Man. Data from 28 satellite tags with attachment durations of over 165 days reveal post-summer ranging behaviours. Tagged sharks moved a median minimum straight-line distance of 3,633 km; achieving median displacement of 1,057 km from tagging locations. Tagged individuals exhibited one of three migration behaviours: remaining in waters of UK, Ireland and the Faroe Islands; migrating south to the Bay of Biscay or moving further south to waters off the Iberian Peninsula, and North Africa. Sharks used both continental shelf areas and oceanic habitats, primarily in the upper 50-200 m of the water column, spanning nine geo-political zones and the High Seas, demonstrating the need for multi-national cooperation in the management of this species across its range.
动物迁徙在自然界中普遍存在，同一物种的个体通常表现出不同的迁徙策略。姥鲨（Cetorhinus maximus）是世界上第二大鱼类物种，但目前人们对其在东北大西洋的长期广泛迁徙仍缺乏全面的了解。在苏格兰西海岸和马恩岛，于 2012 年至 2015 年的四年间，共为 70 条姥鲨配备了卫星标签。有 28 个卫星标签的附着时间超过 165 天，记录了夏季后的活动范围。标记的鲨鱼平均最短直线距离为 3633 公里，与标记地点的平均位移为 1057 公里。标记的个体表现出三种迁徙行为之一：留在英国、爱尔兰和法罗群岛附近海域；向南迁徙到比斯开湾，或进一步向南迁徙到伊比利亚半岛和北非附近海域。鲨鱼利用大陆架和海洋生境，主要在水深 50-200 米的水层中活动，跨越九个地缘政治区域和公海，这表明需要在该物种的整个分布范围内进行跨国合作来进行管理。
