National Centre for Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark, and iPSYCH, the Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus University.
iPSYCH, the Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus University, and Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital.
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2017 Mar;56(3):234-240.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jaac.2016.12.010. Epub 2016 Dec 27.
Recent studies have suggested that autoimmune diseases and immune activation play a part in the pathogenesis of different neurodevelopmental disorders. This study investigated the association between a personal history and a family history of autoimmune disease and the risk of developing attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
A cohort was formed of all singletons born in Denmark from 1990 to 2007, resulting in a study population of 983,680 individuals followed from 1995 to 2012. Information on autoimmune diseases was obtained from the Danish National Hospital Register. Individuals with ADHD were identified through the Danish National Hospital Register and the Danish Psychiatric Central Register.
In total, 23,645 children were diagnosed with ADHD during the study period. Autoimmune disease in the individual was associated with an increased risk of ADHD by an incidence rate ratio of 1.24 (95% CI 1.10-1.40). The primary analyses associated maternal autoimmune disease with ADHD in the offspring (incidence rate ratio 1.12, 95% CI 1.06-1.19), whereas a paternal history of autoimmune diseases was not significantly associated with ADHD in the offspring. In exploratory analyses, an increased risk of ADHD was observed for children with a family history of thyrotoxicosis, type 1 diabetes, autoimmune hepatitis, psoriasis, and ankylosing spondylitis.
A personal history and a maternal history of autoimmune disease were associated with an increased risk of ADHD. The previously reported association between type 1 diabetes and ADHD was confirmed. In addition, specific parental autoimmune diseases were associated with ADHD in offspring.
最近的研究表明，自身免疫性疾病和免疫激活在多种神经发育障碍的发病机制中起作用。本研究调查了个人和家族自身免疫病史与注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）发病风险之间的关系。
本队列由 1990 年至 2007 年期间在丹麦出生的所有单胎组成，研究人群为 983680 人，从 1995 年随访至 2012 年。自身免疫性疾病的信息来自丹麦国家医院登记处。通过丹麦国家医院登记处和丹麦精神病中央登记处确定 ADHD 患者。
在研究期间，共有 23645 名儿童被诊断为 ADHD。个体自身免疫性疾病与 ADHD 的发病风险增加相关，发病率比为 1.24（95%CI 1.10-1.40）。主要分析将母亲自身免疫性疾病与后代的 ADHD 相关联（发病率比为 1.12，95%CI 1.06-1.19），而父亲自身免疫性疾病史与后代的 ADHD 无显著相关性。在探索性分析中，观察到有甲状腺功能亢进症、1 型糖尿病、自身免疫性肝炎、银屑病和强直性脊柱炎家族史的儿童患 ADHD 的风险增加。
个人和母亲的自身免疫性疾病史与 ADHD 的发病风险增加相关。先前报告的 1 型糖尿病与 ADHD 之间的关联得到了证实。此外，特定的父母自身免疫性疾病与后代的 ADHD 相关。
