Zeng Xianglong, Chio Floria H N, Oei Tian P S, Leung Freedom Y K, Liu Xiangping
School of Psychology, Bejing Normal UniversityBeijing, China; Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong, Hong Kong.
Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
Front Psychol. 2017 Feb 6;8:141. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00141. eCollection 2017.
Interventions using the "Four Immeasurables Meditations" (FIM) are effective for various outcomes; however, whether increased meditation practice in these interventions leads to better results has not been well investigated. This systematic review included 22 FIM interventions that reported associations between the amount of meditation practice and its outcomes. Despite the heterogeneity in intervention components and outcome variables, there were generally few significant associations between amount of meditation practice and its outcomes. Specifically, only five studies reported that more than half of the calculated results were significant. In comparison with correlations between total amount of practice and overall outcomes, the short-term influence of meditation practice was evaluated in fewer studies; however, it had a better association with outcomes. More studies are required that address the underlying mechanisms that elucidate how meditation practice leads to outcome changes in daily life. In this study, two promising mechanisms with initial evidence were discussed. This review also summarized common methodological issues including a lack of experimental manipulation and inaccurate measuring of meditation practice.
使用“四无量心禅修”（FIM）的干预措施对各种结果都有效；然而，这些干预措施中增加的禅修练习是否会带来更好的效果尚未得到充分研究。本系统评价纳入了22项报告了禅修练习量与其结果之间关联的FIM干预措施。尽管干预成分和结果变量存在异质性，但禅修练习量与其结果之间通常很少有显著关联。具体而言，只有五项研究报告称，超过一半的计算结果具有显著性。与练习总量与总体结果之间的相关性相比，较少有研究评估禅修练习的短期影响；然而，它与结果的关联更好。需要更多研究来探讨阐明禅修练习如何导致日常生活中结果变化的潜在机制。在本研究中，讨论了两个有初步证据的有前景的机制。本综述还总结了常见的方法学问题，包括缺乏实验操作和对禅修练习的测量不准确。
