Abdalla M M I
Endocr Regul. 2017 Jan 1;51(1):52-70. doi: 10.1515/enr-2017-0006.
The maintenance of the body weight at a stable level is a major determinant in keeping the higher animals and mammals survive. Th e body weight depends on the balance between the energy intake and energy expenditure. Increased food intake over the energy expenditure of prolonged time period results in an obesity. Th e obesity has become an important worldwide health problem, even at low levels. The obesity has an evil effect on the health and is associated with a shorter life expectancy. A complex of central and peripheral physiological signals is involved in the control of the food intake. Centrally, the food intake is controlled by the hypothalamus, the brainstem, and endocannabinoids and peripherally by the satiety and adiposity signals. Comprehension of the signals that control food intake and energy balance may open a new therapeutic approaches directed against the obesity and its associated complications, as is the insulin resistance and others. In conclusion, the present review summarizes the current knowledge about the complex system of the peripheral and central regulatory mechanisms of food intake and their potential therapeutic implications in the treatment of obesity.
将体重维持在稳定水平是高等动物和哺乳动物生存的主要决定因素。体重取决于能量摄入与能量消耗之间的平衡。长时间内食物摄入量超过能量消耗会导致肥胖。肥胖已成为一个重要的全球性健康问题，即使在低水平也是如此。肥胖对健康有不良影响，并与较短的预期寿命相关。一系列中枢和外周生理信号参与食物摄入的控制。在中枢，食物摄入由下丘脑、脑干和内源性大麻素控制，在外周则由饱腹感和肥胖信号控制。理解控制食物摄入和能量平衡的信号可能会开辟针对肥胖及其相关并发症（如胰岛素抵抗等）的新治疗方法。总之，本综述总结了目前关于食物摄入外周和中枢调节机制复杂系统的知识及其在肥胖治疗中的潜在治疗意义。
