Shah Meena, Jaffery Manall, Adams-Huet Beverley, Franklin Brian, Oliver Jonathan, Mitchell Joel
Department of Kinesiology, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas, United States of America.
Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2017 Feb 21;12(2):e0172732. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172732. eCollection 2017.
It is unclear how high-protein (HP) and high-monounsaturated fat (HMF) meals affect postprandial blood lipids and lipoprotein particle numbers (LPN).
To compare a HP versus a HMF meal on postprandial lipid and LPN responses.
Twenty-four participants (age: 36.3±15.0 years; body mass index: 23.6±2.0 kg/m2; 45.8% female) were fed a HP (31.9% energy from protein) and a HMF (35.2% fat and 20.7% monounsaturated fat) meal in a randomized cross-over trial design. Energy and carbohydrate content were the same across meals. Blood samples were drawn in the fasting state and 3 hour postprandial state, and assessed for lipids and LPN.
Repeated measures analysis showed a significant (p<0.05) treatment by time interaction effect for triglycerides (TG), the primary variable, total high-density lipoprotein particles (T-HDLP) and T-HDLP minus large-buoyant high-density lipoprotein 2b (T-HDLP-LB-HDL2b). HP versus HMF condition led to significantly lower TG at 120 (geometric mean: 90.1 (95% confidence interval (CI): 76.4-106.3) vs. 146.5 (124.2-172.9) mg/dL) and 180 (101.4 (83.1-123.8) vs. 148.7 (121.9-181.4) mg/dL) min and higher T-HDLP at 120 (mean difference: 297.3 (95% CI: 48.6-545.9) nmol/L) and 180 (291.6 (15.8-567.5) nmol/L) min. The difference in T-HDLP by condition was due to the significantly higher small-dense HDLP (T-HDLP-LB-HDL2b) during HP versus HMF condition at 120 (mean difference: 452.6 (95% CI: 177.4-727.9) nmol/L) and 180 (496.8 (263.1-730.6) nmol/L) min. Area under the curve analysis showed that HP versus HMF condition led to significantly lower TG, non-HDLP, and very-low-density lipoprotein particles (VLDLP) responses but significantly less favorable responses in LB-HDL2b particles, T-HDLP-LB-HDL2b, and LB-HDL2b/T-HDLP ratio.
The HP meal led to lower TG, non-HDLP, and VLDLP but less favorable LB-HDL2b, small-dense HDLP, and LB-HDL2b/T-HDLP ratio responses versus a HMF meal. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings over multiple meals.
高蛋白（HP）和高单不饱和脂肪（HMF）餐如何影响餐后血脂和脂蛋白颗粒数量（LPN）尚不清楚。
比较HP餐与HMF餐对餐后血脂和LPN反应的影响。
在一项随机交叉试验设计中，让24名参与者（年龄：36.3±15.0岁；体重指数：23.6±2.0kg/m²；45.8%为女性）分别食用HP餐（蛋白质提供31.9%的能量）和HMF餐（脂肪含量35.2%，单不饱和脂肪含量20.7%）。各餐的能量和碳水化合物含量相同。在空腹状态和餐后3小时采集血样，评估血脂和LPN。
重复测量分析显示，对于主要变量甘油三酯（TG）、总高密度脂蛋白颗粒（T-HDLP）以及T-HDLP减去大颗粒高密度脂蛋白2b（T-HDLP-LB-HDL2b），存在显著的（p<0.05）处理与时间交互效应。与HMF餐相比，HP餐使TG在120分钟时显著降低（几何均值：90.1（95%置信区间（CI）：76.4 - 106.3）对146.5（124.2 - 172.9）mg/dL）和180分钟时显著降低（101.4（83.1 - 123.8）对148.7（121.9 - 181.4）mg/dL），并使T-HDLP在120分钟时显著升高（平均差异：297.3（95%CI：48.6 - 545.9）nmol/L）和180分钟时显著升高（291.6（15.8 - 567.5）nmol/L）。不同餐导致的T-HDLP差异是由于在HP餐与HMF餐相比时，120分钟时小而密HDLP（T-HDLP-LB-HDL2b）显著更高（平均差异：452.6（95%CI：177.4 - 727.9）nmol/L）和180分钟时显著更高（496.8（263.1 - 730.6）nmol/L）。曲线下面积分析表明，与HMF餐相比，HP餐使TG、非HDLP和极低密度脂蛋白颗粒（VLDLP）反应显著降低，但在大颗粒高密度脂蛋白2b颗粒、T-HDLP-LB-HDL2b和大颗粒高密度脂蛋白2b/T-HDLP比值方面反应明显较差。
与HMF餐相比，HP餐导致TG、非HDLP和VLDLP降低，但在大颗粒高密度脂蛋白2b、小而密HDLP和大颗粒高密度脂蛋白2b/T-HDLP比值方面反应较差。需要进一步研究以在多餐情况下证实这些发现。
