Department of Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK.
Department of Twins Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK.
Nutrients. 2023 Jun 5;15(11):2638. doi: 10.3390/nu15112638.
Postprandial metabolomic profiles and their inter-individual variability are not well characterised. Here, we describe postprandial metabolite changes, their correlations with fasting values and their inter- and intra-individual variability, following a standardised meal in the ZOE PREDICT 1 cohort.
In the ZOE PREDICT 1 study ( = 1002 (NCT03479866)), 250 metabolites, mainly lipids, were measured by a Nightingale NMR panel in fasting and postprandial (4 and 6 h after a 3.7 MJ mixed nutrient meal, with a second 2.2 MJ mixed nutrient meal at 4 h) serum samples. For each metabolite, inter- and intra-individual variability over time was evaluated using linear mixed modelling and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were calculated.
Postprandially, 85% (of 250 metabolites) significantly changed from fasting at 6 h (47% increased, 53% decreased; Kruskal-Wallis), with 37 measures increasing by >25% and 14 increasing by >50%. The largest changes were observed in very large lipoprotein particles and ketone bodies. Seventy-one percent of circulating metabolites were strongly correlated (Spearman's rho >0.80) between fasting and postprandial timepoints, and 5% were weakly correlated (rho <0.50). The median ICC of the 250 metabolites was 0.91 (range 0.08-0.99). The lowest ICCs (ICC <0.40, 4% of measures) were found for glucose, pyruvate, ketone bodies (β-hydroxybutyrate, acetoacetate, acetate) and lactate.
In this large-scale postprandial metabolomic study, circulating metabolites were highly variable between individuals following sequential mixed meals. Findings suggest that a meal challenge may yield postprandial responses divergent from fasting measures, specifically for glycolysis, essential amino acid, ketone body and lipoprotein size metabolites.
人们对餐后代谢组学特征及其个体间的差异了解甚少。本研究通过 ZOE PREDICT1 队列中的标准餐食实验，描述了餐后代谢物的变化，以及它们与空腹值的相关性和个体内及个体间的变异性。
在 ZOE PREDICT1 研究（n=1002[NCT03479866]）中，通过 Nightingale NMR 面板检测空腹及餐后（进食 3.7MJ 混合营养餐后 4 小时和 6 小时，4 小时时进食第二次 2.2MJ 混合营养餐）血清样本中 250 种主要为脂类的代谢物。通过线性混合模型评估每个代谢物的时间内个体内及个体间的变异性，并计算组内相关系数（ICC）。
与空腹相比，6 小时时 85%（250 种代谢物中的 213 种）显著变化（47%升高，53%降低；Kruskal-Wallis），其中 37 种升高超过 25%，14 种升高超过 50%。变化最大的是非常大的脂蛋白颗粒和酮体。空腹和餐后时间点之间 71%的循环代谢物具有很强的相关性（Spearman rho>0.80），而 5%的相关性较弱（rho<0.50）。250 种代谢物的中位数 ICC 为 0.91（范围 0.08-0.99）。ICC<0.40（4%的指标）的最低 ICC 为葡萄糖、丙酮酸、酮体（β-羟丁酸、乙酰乙酸、乙酸）和乳酸。
在这项大规模的餐后代谢组学研究中，个体在连续混合餐食后循环代谢物的个体间差异很大。研究结果表明，餐食挑战可能会产生与空腹测量值不同的餐后反应，特别是对糖酵解、必需氨基酸、酮体和脂蛋白大小的代谢物。
