Janus-Laszuk Barbara, Mirowska-Guzel Dagmara, Sarzynska-Dlugosz Iwona, Czlonkowska Anna
2nd Department of Neurology, Rehabilitation Ward, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland.
Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Warsaw, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology (CePT), Warsaw, Poland.
NeuroRehabilitation. 2017;40(2):223-232. doi: 10.3233/NRE-161407.
Post-stroke rehabilitation should begin immediately and continue while improvement is seen. After stroke, patients are at risk of developing medical complications, which can hinder optimal recovery.
We aimed to determine the incidence of complications occurring during early inpatient rehabilitation and to assess their influence on patients' functionality.
For 1075 patients (585 men), we recorded neurological deficits, activities of everyday living, functionality before and after rehabilitation, and the incidence of complications. The main measure of functional outcome was the discharge Barthel Index score.
At least one complication was reported by 76.9% of patients, and 20% experienced three or more complications. The most common problems were: urinary tract infection (23.2%), depression (18.9%), falls (17.9%), unstable hypertension (17.6%), and shoulder pain (14.9%). Patients with a severe discharge disability were 2.5-fold more likely to experience complications than subjects with a mild disability.
Complications during the post stroke rehabilitation process had a significantly decreased chance for improvement. Knowledge of the most common type of complications, as well as their early prevention and treatment, may improve patient outcomes.
中风后康复应立即开始，并在病情改善期间持续进行。中风后，患者有发生医学并发症的风险，这可能会阻碍最佳恢复。
我们旨在确定早期住院康复期间发生并发症的发生率，并评估其对患者功能的影响。
对于1075名患者（585名男性），我们记录了神经功能缺损、日常生活活动、康复前后的功能以及并发症的发生率。功能结局的主要衡量指标是出院时的巴氏指数评分。
76.9%的患者报告至少有一种并发症，20%的患者经历了三种或更多种并发症。最常见的问题是：尿路感染（23.2%）、抑郁症（18.9%）、跌倒（17.9%）、不稳定高血压（17.6%）和肩部疼痛（14.9%）。出院时重度残疾的患者发生并发症的可能性是轻度残疾患者的2.5倍。
中风后康复过程中的并发症显著降低了改善的机会。了解最常见的并发症类型及其早期预防和治疗，可能会改善患者的预后。
