Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2017 Nov 30;124(2):624-632. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.01.070. Epub 2017 Feb 20.
Contamination by bulk plastics and plastic debris is currently the one of the most serious environmental problems in aquatic ecosystems. In particular, small-scale plastic debris such as microplastics and nanoplastics has become leading contributors to the pollution of marine and freshwater ecosystems. Studies are investigating the impacts of micro-and nanoplastics on aquatic organisms and ecosystems worldwide. This review covers 83 studies that investigated the distribution of microplastics and the ecotoxicity of micro- and nanoplastics in marine and freshwater ecosystems. The studies indicated that micro-sized plastics and plastic debris were distributed at various concentrations in aquatic ecosystems around the world. They had various effects on the growth, development, behavior, reproduction, and mortality of aquatic animals. We discuss these studies in detail and suggest directions for future research.
散装塑料和塑料碎片的污染目前是水生生态系统中最严重的环境问题之一。特别是小尺寸的塑料碎片，如微塑料和纳米塑料，已成为海洋和淡水生态系统污染的主要贡献者。研究正在调查微塑料和纳米塑料对全球水生生物和生态系统的影响。这篇综述涵盖了 83 项研究，这些研究调查了微塑料在海洋和淡水生态系统中的分布以及微塑料和纳米塑料的生态毒性。这些研究表明，微塑料和塑料碎片以不同的浓度分布在世界各地的水生生态系统中。它们对水生动物的生长、发育、行为、繁殖和死亡率有各种影响。我们详细讨论了这些研究，并提出了未来研究的方向。
