Jun Deokhoon, Zoe Michaleff, Johnston Venerina, O'Leary Shaun
School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
Division of Physiotherapy, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Saint Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia.
Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2017 Jul;90(5):373-410. doi: 10.1007/s00420-017-1205-3. Epub 2017 Feb 21.
Identifying risk factors associated with the development of work-related neck pain in office workers is necessary to facilitate the development of prevention strategies that aim to minimise this prevalent and costly health problem. The aim of this systematic review is to identify individual worker (e.g., lifestyle activity, muscular strength, and posture) and workplace (e.g., ergonomics and work environment) physical factors associated with the development of non-specific neck pain in office workers.
Studies from 1980 to 2016 were identified by an electronic search of Pubmed, CINAHL, EMBASE, Psychlnfo and Proquest databases. Two authors independently screened search results, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias using the epidemiological appraisal instrument (EAI). A random effect model was used to estimate the risk of physical factors for neck pain.
Twenty papers described the findings of ten prospective cohort studies and two randomized controlled trials. Low satisfaction with the workplace environment (pooled RR 1.28; CI 1.07-1.55), keyboard position close to the body [pooled RR 1.46; (CI 1.07-1.99)], low work task variation [RR 1.27; CI (1.08-1.50)] and self-perceived medium/high muscular tension (pooled RR 2.75/1.82; CI 1.60 /1.14-4.72/2.90) were found to be risk factors for the development of neck pain.
This review found evidence for a few number of physical risk factors for the development of neck pain, however, there was also either limited or conflicting factors. Recommendations for future studies evaluating risk factors are reported and how these may contribute to the prevention of neck pain in office workers.
确定与办公室职员工作相关颈部疼痛发展相关的风险因素，对于促进旨在将这一普遍且代价高昂的健康问题降至最低的预防策略的制定是必要的。本系统评价的目的是确定与办公室职员非特异性颈部疼痛发展相关的个体工作者因素（如生活方式活动、肌肉力量和姿势）和工作场所因素（如人体工程学和工作环境）。
通过对PubMed、CINAHL、EMBASE、PsychInfo和ProQuest数据库进行电子检索，确定了1980年至2016年的研究。两位作者独立筛选检索结果、提取数据，并使用流行病学评估工具（EAI）评估偏倚风险。采用随机效应模型估计颈部疼痛的身体因素风险。
20篇论文描述了10项前瞻性队列研究和2项随机对照试验的结果。对工作场所环境满意度低（合并相对危险度1.28；可信区间1.07 - 1.55）、键盘位置靠近身体[合并相对危险度1.46；（可信区间1.07 - 1.99）]、工作任务变化少[相对危险度1.27；可信区间（1.08 - 1.50）]以及自我感知的中度/高度肌肉紧张（合并相对危险度2.75/1.82；可信区间1.60 /1.14 - 4.72/2.90）被发现是颈部疼痛发展的风险因素。
本综述发现了一些与颈部疼痛发展相关的身体风险因素的证据，然而，也存在有限或相互矛盾的因素。报告了对未来评估风险因素研究的建议，以及这些建议如何有助于预防办公室职员的颈部疼痛。
