Muñiz-Paredes Facundo, Miranda-Hernández Francisco, Loera Octavio
Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Iztapalapa, 09340, Mexico City, Mexico.
World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2017 Mar;33(3):57. doi: 10.1007/s11274-017-2229-2. Epub 2017 Feb 22.
Demand for biopesticides is growing due to the increase of areas under integrated pest management worldwide. Conidia from entomopathogenic fungi play a major role as infective units in the current market of biopesticides. Success in a massive production of fungal conidia include the use of proper long-term conservation microbial methods, aimed at preserving the phenotypic traits of the strains. The development of suitable inoculants should also be considered since that favours a rapid germination and invasiveness of the substrate in solid state cultures (SSC). After the selection of a suitable fungal strain, proven optimization approaches for SSC mainly include the combination of substrates, moisture, texturizers, aeration and moderate stress to induce conidiation. Nonetheless, during storage and upon application in open fields, conidia either as free propagules or imbibed in formulations are subjected to stress due to abiotic factors, then quality should be preserved to resist such harsh conditions. All of these topics are analysed in this report.
由于全球病虫害综合防治面积的增加，对生物农药的需求正在增长。在当前生物农药市场中，昆虫病原真菌的分生孢子作为感染单位发挥着主要作用。大规模生产真菌分生孢子的成功包括使用适当的长期微生物保存方法，旨在保持菌株的表型特征。还应考虑开发合适的接种剂，因为这有利于固态培养（SSC）中底物的快速萌发和侵染。选择合适的真菌菌株后，已证实的SSC优化方法主要包括底物、水分、质地改良剂、通气和诱导分生孢子形成的适度胁迫的组合。尽管如此，在储存期间和在露天田间施用时，分生孢子无论是作为游离繁殖体还是包含在制剂中，都会因非生物因素而受到胁迫，因此应保持其质量以抵抗此类恶劣条件。本报告对所有这些主题进行了分析。
