Jiang Ying-Ying
Oral Health Prev Dent. 2017;15(1):89-97. doi: 10.3290/j.ohpd.a37718.
To assess the prevalence of early childhood caries (ECC) in 2- to 5-year-old preschool children in Weifang City, China, and to investigate the factors related to this condition.
A cross-sectional study was carried out among 2829 children (2-5 years old, including 1601 boys and 1228 girls) in twenty kindergartens in Weifang City, China, in 2014. These children were selected via cluster sampling. First, the percentages of ECC and severe ECC (S-ECC) as well as the mean dmft were compared between different genders and ages, and the tooth distribution pattern of ECC was analysed. Meanwhile, the information regarding feeding and oral hygiene practices was collected by a questionnaire with 14 questions to evaluate their relationships with the percentages of ECC and S-ECC as well as the mean dmft. The chi-squared test, t-test and one-way ANOVA were conducted to evaluate the significant differences.
The ECC prevalence of the preschoolers was 53.3%, and the mean dmft was 2.12 ± 2.56. 71.4% of the 1509 children with ECC were identified as S-ECC. Not only the percentages of ECC and S-ECC but also the mean dmft differed statistically significantly according to gender and age (p < 0.05). Furthermore, caries was most common in primary maxillary central incisors. Feeding and oral hygiene practices were shown to be the significant determining factors for caries.
The oral health status of children living in Weifang is very poor. Appropriate strategies must be implemented to promote oral health early on by improving feeding and oral hygiene practices.
评估中国潍坊市2至5岁学龄前儿童的幼儿龋齿（ECC）患病率，并调查与此状况相关的因素。
2014年在中国潍坊市的20所幼儿园对2829名儿童（2至5岁，包括1601名男孩和1228名女孩）进行了一项横断面研究。这些儿童通过整群抽样选取。首先，比较不同性别和年龄之间的ECC和重度ECC（S-ECC）百分比以及平均dmft，并分析ECC的牙齿分布模式。同时，通过一份包含14个问题的问卷收集有关喂养和口腔卫生习惯的信息，以评估它们与ECC和S-ECC百分比以及平均dmft之间的关系。进行卡方检验、t检验和单因素方差分析以评估显著差异。
学龄前儿童的ECC患病率为53.3%，平均dmft为2.12±2.56。在1509名患有ECC的儿童中，71.4%被确定为S-ECC。根据性别和年龄，ECC和S-ECC的百分比以及平均dmft在统计学上均有显著差异（p<0.05）。此外，龋齿最常见于上颌乳中切牙。喂养和口腔卫生习惯被证明是龋齿的重要决定因素。
生活在潍坊的儿童口腔健康状况很差。必须实施适当的策略，通过改善喂养和口腔卫生习惯尽早促进口腔健康。
