波兰三岁儿童早期龋齿的相关因素

Factors Associated with Early Childhood Caries in Polish Three-Year-Old Children.

作者信息

Olczak-Kowalczyk Dorota, Gozdowski Dariusz, Kaczmarek Urszula

出版信息

Oral Health Prev Dent. 2020 Sep 4;18(4):833-842. doi: 10.3290/j.ohpd.a45088.

DOI:10.3290/j.ohpd.a45088

PMID:32895668

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11654475/

Abstract

PURPOSE

To assess the prevalence and associated factors with early childhood caries (ECC) in a Polish population.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

A cross-sectional study was carried out involving 656 three-year-old preschool children of both sexes. Data were collected through oral examination of the children and a questionnaire self-reported by their parents. The questionnaire contained information on sociodemographic aspects, feeding and oral hygiene practices, dental care utilisation and dental health knowledge. Associations between ECC and caries-related factors were analysed with use of bivariate and multivariate logistic regression and Mann-Whitney U test.

RESULTS

ECC was diagnosed in 64.0% children from the rural area and 46.6% from the urban one, more often in boys (57.7%) compared to girls (49.5%) and S-ECC in 37.1%, 24.2%, 31.5% and 27.5%, respectively. The associations between caries experience and living in a rural area, male sex, education level and oral health-related knowledge of a parent, tooth brushing frequency, nocturnal bottle-feeding and feeding with sweet beverages at the age over 12 months, consumption of sweetened within the first 2 years of age and drinking of sweet beverages once a week at bivariate level were found. In the final model of the logistic multivariate regression analysis, seven variables were associated with ECC experience. They revealed the probability in decreasing order: living in a rural area (odds ratios (OR) = 1.90); feeding the child during the first 2 years with sweetened food (OR = 1.77); nocturnal drinking of sweet beverages by the >12-month-old child (OR = 1.73); education level of parent (OR = 1.53); gender - male (OR = 1.48); nocturnal bottle-feeding of the over-12-month child (OR = 1.44); and frequency of tooth brushing (OR = 1.41).

CONCLUSION

The most prominent risk factors for ECC were living in a rural area, consumption of sweetened foods within the first 2 years of age and nocturnal drinking of sweet beverages by the over 12-month-old child.

摘要

目的

评估波兰人群中幼儿龋齿（ECC）的患病率及相关因素。

材料与方法

开展了一项横断面研究，纳入656名3岁的学龄前儿童，男女不限。通过对儿童进行口腔检查以及其父母自行报告的问卷收集数据。问卷包含社会人口学方面、喂养和口腔卫生习惯、牙科护理利用情况以及牙科健康知识等信息。使用双变量和多变量逻辑回归以及曼-惠特尼U检验分析ECC与龋齿相关因素之间的关联。

结果

农村地区64.0%的儿童被诊断为ECC，城市地区为46.6%；男孩（57.7%）比女孩（49.5%）更常患病，重度早期儿童龋（S-ECC）分别为37.1%、24.2%、31.5%和27.5%。在双变量水平上，发现龋齿经历与居住在农村地区、男性性别、父母的教育水平和口腔健康相关知识、刷牙频率、夜间奶瓶喂养以及12个月以上饮用甜饮料、2岁前食用甜食和每周饮用一次甜饮料之间存在关联。在逻辑多变量回归分析的最终模型中，七个变量与ECC经历相关。按概率递减顺序排列如下：居住在农村地区（比值比（OR）=1.90）；2岁前用甜食喂养孩子（OR =1.77）；12个月以上儿童夜间饮用甜饮料（OR =1.73）；父母的教育水平（OR =1.53）；性别——男性（OR =1.48）；12个月以上儿童夜间奶瓶喂养（OR =1.44）；刷牙频率（OR =1.41）。