School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China.
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China.
Water Res. 2017 May 1;114:151-180. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.02.006. Epub 2017 Feb 4.
The goal of the current article is to update new findings in membrane fouling and emerging fouling mitigation strategies reported in recent years (post 2010) as a follow-up to our previous review published in Water Research (2009). According to a systematic review of the literature, membrane bioreactors (MBRs) are still actively investigated in the field of wastewater treatment. Notably, membrane fouling remains the most challenging issue in MBR operation and attracts considerable attention in MBR studies. In this review, we summarized the updated information on foulants composition and characteristics in MBRs, which greatly improves our understanding of fouling mechanisms. Furthermore, the emerging fouling control strategies (e.g., mechanically assisted aeration scouring, in-situ chemical cleaning, enzymatic and bacterial degradation of foulants, electrically assisted fouling mitigation, and nanomaterial-based membranes) are comprehensively reviewed. As a result, it is found that the fundamental understanding of dynamic changes in membrane foulants during a long-term operation is essential for the development and implementation of fouling control methods. Recently developed strategies for membrane fouling control denoted that the improvement of membrane performance is not our ultimate and only goal, less energy consumption and more green/sustainable fouling control ways are more promising to be developed and thus applied in the future. Overall, such a literature review not only demonstrates current challenges and research needs for scientists working in the area of MBR technologies, but also can provide more useful recommendations for industrial communities based on the related application cases.
本文的目的是更新近年来（2010 年后）报道的膜污染和新兴污染缓解策略方面的新发现，作为我们之前在《水研究》（2009 年）上发表的综述的后续。根据文献的系统回顾，膜生物反应器（MBR）在废水处理领域仍在积极研究。值得注意的是，膜污染仍然是 MBR 运行中最具挑战性的问题，在 MBR 研究中受到广泛关注。在本综述中，我们总结了 MBR 中污染物组成和特性的最新信息，这极大地提高了我们对污染机制的理解。此外，还全面回顾了新兴的污染控制策略（例如机械辅助曝气冲刷、原位化学清洗、污染物的酶和细菌降解、电辅助污染缓解以及基于纳米材料的膜）。结果发现，对于长期运行过程中膜污染物的动态变化的基本理解对于开发和实施污染控制方法至关重要。最近开发的膜污染控制策略表明，改善膜性能不是我们的最终和唯一目标，更少的能源消耗和更绿色/可持续的污染控制方法更有希望得到开发和应用。总的来说，这种文献综述不仅展示了 MBR 技术领域科学家面临的当前挑战和研究需求，而且还可以为工业界提供更有用的建议，这些建议基于相关的应用案例。
