Grundmann Reiner
School of Sociology and Social Policy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD UK.
Minerva. 2017;55(1):25-48. doi: 10.1007/s11024-016-9308-7. Epub 2016 Sep 27.
This paper puts forward a theoretical framework for the analysis of expertise and experts in contemporary societies. It argues that while prevailing approaches have come to see expertise in various forms and functions, they tend to neglect the broader historical and societal context, and importantly the relational aspect of expertise. This will be discussed with regard to influential theoretical frameworks, such as laboratory studies, regulatory science, lay expertise, post-normal science, and honest brokers. An alternative framework of expertise is introduced, showing the limitations of existing frameworks and emphasizing one crucial element of all expertise, which is their role in guiding action.
本文提出了一个用于分析当代社会中的专业知识和专家的理论框架。它认为，尽管主流方法已开始从各种形式和功能的角度看待专业知识，但它们往往忽视了更广泛的历史和社会背景，重要的是忽视了专业知识的关系层面。这将结合有影响力的理论框架进行讨论，如实验室研究、监管科学、外行专业知识、后正常科学和诚实中介。本文引入了一个替代性的专业知识框架，揭示了现有框架的局限性，并强调了所有专业知识的一个关键要素，即它们在指导行动中的作用。
