Boutsen Frank R, Dvorak Justin D, Deweber Derick D
University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City.
J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2017 Mar 1;60(3):712-724. doi: 10.1044/2016_JSLHR-H-15-0274.
This study was conducted to compare the influence of word properties on gated single-word recognition in monolingual and bilingual individuals under conditions of native and nonnative accent and to determine whether word-form prosody facilitates recognition in bilingual individuals.
Word recognition was assessed in monolingual and bilingual participants when English words were presented with English and Spanish accents in 3 gating conditions: onset only, onset plus prosody/word length only, and onset plus prosody. Word properties were quantified to assess their influence on word recognition in the onset-only condition.
Word recognition speed was proportional to language experience. In the onset-only condition, only word frequency facilitated word recognition across groups. Addition of duration information or prosodic word form did not facilitate word recognition in bilingual individuals the way it did in monolingual individuals. For the bilingual groups, Spanish accent significantly facilitated recognition in the presence of prosodic information. Word attributes were far more consequential in the English accent than in the Spanish accent condition.
Word rhyme information, word properties, and accent affect gated word recognition differently in monolingual and bilingual individuals. Top-down strategies emanating from word properties that may facilitate single-word recognition are experience and context dependent and become less available in the presence of a nonnative accent.
本研究旨在比较单词属性在母语和非母语口音条件下对单语和双语个体门控单字识别的影响，并确定单词形式韵律是否有助于双语个体的识别。
在3种门控条件下，当用英语和西班牙语口音呈现英语单词时，对单语和双语参与者的单词识别进行评估：仅起始音、起始音加韵律/单词长度、起始音加韵律。对单词属性进行量化，以评估它们在仅起始音条件下对单词识别的影响。
单词识别速度与语言经验成正比。在仅起始音条件下，只有单词频率有助于各组的单词识别。添加时长信息或韵律单词形式并没有像在单语个体中那样促进双语个体的单词识别。对于双语组，在有韵律信息的情况下，西班牙语口音显著促进了识别。单词属性在英语口音条件下比在西班牙语口音条件下的影响要大得多。
单词押韵信息、单词属性和口音对单语和双语个体的门控单词识别影响不同。源自单词属性的自上而下策略可能有助于单字识别，但这些策略依赖于经验和语境，在非母语口音存在时作用会减弱。
