Obregón Ana M, Valladares Macarena, Goldfield Gary
Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Sebastián, Concepción, Chile.
Unidad de Salud del Observatorio Regional de Paz y Seguridad (ORPAS), Universidad Bernardo O Higgins, Santiago, Chile.
Nutrition. 2017 Mar;35:139-145. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2016.11.005. Epub 2016 Dec 7.
Studies have established a strong genetic component in eating behavior. The TaqI A1 polymorphism (rs1800497) has previously been associated with obesity and eating behavior. Additionally, this polymorphism has been associated with diminished dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) density, higher body mass, and food reinforcement. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between the DRD2 rs1800497 polymorphism and eating behavior in Chilean children.
This was a cross-sectional study in which we selected 258 children (44% girls, 56% boys; ages 8-14 y) with a wide variation in body mass index. Anthropometric measurements were performed by standard procedures. Eating behavior was assessed using the Eating in Absence of Hunger Questionnaire (EAHQ), Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire, and the Food Reinforcement Value Questionnaire. Genotype of the rs1800497 was determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Association of the TaqI A1 variant (T allele) with eating behavior was assessed using nonparametric tests.
Compared with normal-weight children, the obese group demonstrated higher scores on the External Eating and Fatigue/Boredom subscales of the EAHQ. Higher scores were assessed in Food Responsiveness, Emotional Overeating, Enjoyment to Food and Desire to Drink subscales (P < 0.001) and lower scores of the Satiety Responsiveness and Slowness in Eating (P < 0.05). In the sex-specific analysis, the TaqI A1 allele was associated with higher scores on Satiety Responsiveness and Emotional Undereating subscales in obese girls, and higher scores of Enjoyment of Food subscale in boys.
The TaqI A1 polymorphism may be a risk factor for eating behavior traits that may predispose children to greater energy intake and obesity.
研究已证实饮食行为中存在强大的遗传因素。此前，TaqI A1多态性（rs1800497）与肥胖及饮食行为相关。此外，这种多态性还与多巴胺D2受体（DRD2）密度降低、更高的体重和食物强化有关。本研究的目的是评估智利儿童中DRD2 rs1800497多态性与饮食行为之间的关联。
这是一项横断面研究，我们选取了258名儿童（44%为女孩，56%为男孩；年龄8 - 14岁），其体重指数差异较大。通过标准程序进行人体测量。使用无饥饿进食问卷（EAHQ）、儿童饮食行为问卷和食物强化价值问卷评估饮食行为。通过聚合酶链反应 - 限制性片段长度多态性确定rs1800497的基因型。使用非参数检验评估TaqI A1变体（T等位基因）与饮食行为的关联。
与正常体重儿童相比，肥胖组在EAHQ的外在进食和疲劳/无聊子量表上得分更高。在食物反应性、情绪性暴饮暴食、对食物的喜爱和饮水欲望子量表上得分更高（P < 0.001），而在饱腹感反应性和进食缓慢子量表上得分更低（P < 0.05）。在按性别分析中，TaqI A1等位基因与肥胖女孩饱腹感反应性和情绪性进食不足子量表得分较高以及男孩对食物喜爱子量表得分较高相关。
TaqI A1多态性可能是饮食行为特征的一个风险因素，可能使儿童更容易摄入更多能量并导致肥胖。
